Exposure to endosulfan in farmers: Two case studies

Brandt, Victoria A.; Moon, Sam; Ehlers, Janet K.; Methner, Mark M.; Struttmann, Tim

doi:10.1002/ajim.1064

Cited by 22 publications

(18 citation statements)

References 6 publications

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“…Although industrialized nations have restricted or banned many of these organochlorine pesticides, they continue to be manufactured for export to other countries [6,10]. Endosulfan had a wide agricultural usage at the time of poisoning without any control or record.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 98%

“…Exposure to extremely high levels results in unconsciousness, incontinence, convulsions and respiratory depression [6]. The patient who died in ED had respiratory depression and seizure.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Like the other organochlorines, endosulfan is a neurotoxin that often results in generalized convulsions, unconsciousness, incontinence and respiratory depression after exposure to high levels [6,7]. Sensory disturbances like hyperaesthesia and paresthesia of the face and extremities, headache, dizziness, nausea, vomiting, incoordination and mental confusion were also reported as early manifestations [8].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Experiences with endosulfan mass poisoning in rural areas

Durukan¹,

Özdemir

Coşkun³

et al. 2009

European Journal of Emergency Medicine

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This paper describes very rare chemical poisoning and characteristics of patients with acute endosulfan mass poisoning in a rural area of Turkey and our experiences of these patients. We included 41 patients who were treated in our hospital with the diagnosis of endosulfan poisoning. After the first vital intervention they were examined in terms of age, sex, symptoms and physical examination findings, laboratory results, treatment and outcome. Forty-one patients were admitted to the emergency department (ED) after triage. Nineteen (46.3%) of the patients were female, 22 (53.7%) were male. The mean age was 27.9+/-16.0 years (1-67 years). The mean time to the ED was 4.1+/-0.9 h (3-6.5 h). The most common symptoms were anxiety (97.6%), nausea (56.1%) and vomiting (48.8%). Tests of the blood samples obtained at the ED revealed leucocytosis (11 070.6+/-4302.5/microl), increased blood glucose, LDH, CK and CK-MB levels. Toxicological analysis of blood and urine samples revealed endosulfan as the causative agent. Especially in the rural areas, cases with acute repetitive seizures should suggest endosulfan intoxication when the aetiology is uncertain even in the absence of any signs of intoxication. Health care professionals should understand the hazards associated with the pesticide use as well as diagnosis and treatment of these types of poisonings.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 98%

“…Exposure to extremely high levels results in unconsciousness, incontinence, convulsions and respiratory depression [6]. The patient who died in ED had respiratory depression and seizure.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Experiences with endosulfan mass poisoning in rural areas

Durukan¹,

Özdemir

Coşkun³

et al. 2009

European Journal of Emergency Medicine

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“…Symptoms of endosulfan poisoning have also been seen in people who intentionally or accidentally ingested large amounts of endosulfan. 5 Most of these people experienced nausea, vomiting, headache, dizziness, convulsions or other nervous system effects, begining 2.7 ± 0.5 h after ingestion. 68 Endosulfan poisoning in humans causes blood pressure and eletrocardiogram alterations.…”

Section: Symptoms Of Endosulfan Poisoningmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…4 Endosulfan is associated with a high fatality rate in humans when ingested accidentally, from food or water contaminated, or in suicide cases. [5][6][7][8][9][10][11][12][13] It is also a substance that imitates or enhances the effect of the female hormone estrogen, which means it can cause reproductive and developmental damage in both animals and humans. Researchers studying children from an isolated village in Kerala, India, have linked endosulfan exposure to delays in sexual maturity among boys.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Clinical Aspects of the Poisoning by the Pesticide Endosulfan

Patočka¹,

Wu²,

França³

et al. 2016

Química Nova

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publicado na web em 06/06/2016 Endosulfan is an organochlorine insecticide, widely used in insect control. Unfortunately, it is also an acute neurotoxic compound to both insects and mammals, including humans, and has been responsible for many severe poisonings and several fatal cases. Endosulfan also imitates or enhances the effect of the female hormone estrogen, having the capability of causing reproductive and developmental damage in both, animals and humans, and its exposure has been linked to liver tissue injury. This persistent lipophilic compound is one of the most abundant organochlorine pesticides in the environment, capable of undergoing long range transport to remote locations such as the Arctic. It is practically water-insoluble, but readily adheres to clay particles and persists in soil and water for several years. Its indiscriminate and injudicious use in the control of insects on a wide range of agricultural products and in the extermination of household pests, has considerably increased the hazard risk for human health. Also, this compound has a high fatality rate in humans when ingested accidentally, from food or water contaminated, or in suicidal cases. The aim of this article is to review and summarize chemical, biochemical, environmental, and toxicological data of endosulfan and draw attention to its toxicological potential risk to human health.

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Endosulfan

Schmidt

2004

Bodengefährdende Stoffe: Bewertung ‐ Stoffdaten ‐ Ökotoxikologie ‐ Sanierung

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Beim dem technischen Produkt Endosulfan (CAS‐Nr.: 115‐29‐7, auch 6,7,8,9,10,10‐Hexachlor‐1,5,5a,6,9,9a‐hexahydro‐6,9‐methano‐2,4,3‐benzodioxathiepin‐3‐oxid) handelt es sich um ein Gemisch aus zwei Isomeren (α‐Endosulfan und β‐Endosulfan). Endosulfan ist ein nicht‐systemisches Insektizid und Akarizid mit breiten Aktivitätsspektrum, das in den 50er Jahren des 20. Jahrhunderts auf den Markt gebracht wurde. Es ist mittlerweile in vielen Staaten verboten und wurde 2011 in die POP‐Liste der Stockholmer Konvention aufgenommen. Trotz seines (langsamen) Abbaus in Böden besteht durch die relativ hohe Giftigkeit ein Gefahrenpotenzial.

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Exposure to endosulfan in farmers: Two case studies

Cited by 22 publications

References 6 publications

Experiences with endosulfan mass poisoning in rural areas

Experiences with endosulfan mass poisoning in rural areas

Clinical Aspects of the Poisoning by the Pesticide Endosulfan

Endosulfan

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