Exposure to inorganic arsenic from rice: A global health issue?

Zhu, Yan; Williams, Paul N.; Meharg, Andrew A.

doi:10.1016/j.envpol.2008.03.015

Cited by 359 publications

(182 citation statements)

References 14 publications

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“…Also, rice absorbs As(III) more efficiently than other cereal crops because of its strong silicon uptake pathway which also allows the quick uptake of As(III) (Ma et al 2008;Su et al 2010). Thus, rice is the major As exposure route for people living in Southeast Asia where the paddy soil is As contaminated and rice is the major food source (Mondal and Polya 2008;Zhu et al 2008a;Li et al 2011).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Arsenic is a ubiquitous environmental contaminant and a notorious carcinogen posing both acute and chronic adverse effects on human health mainly through ingestion of contaminated water and rice (Zhu et al 2008a;Rahman et al 2009;Li et al 2011). Large areas of farmland have been contaminated by arsenic (As) due to the irrigation with As-enriched groundwater or the contamination by mining and other activities (Zhu et al 2008b;Smith et al 2000;Li et al 2011).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Arsenic bioavailability to rice plant in paddy soil: influence of microbial sulfate reduction

2015

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Purpose High arsenic (As) mobility in anaerobic paddy soil due to microbial Fe-and As-reducing processes results in As accumulation into rice plants. Sulfur (S) also undergoes microbial reducing processes in the anaerobic paddy soil, while this process interacts with the Fe-and As-reducing processes, forms secondary minerals, and thus influences As mobility in paddy soil. This work was carried out to investigate the role of sulfur and sulfate-reducing bacteria (SRB) in As redox transformation and bioavailability to rice plant in an anaerobic paddy soil. Materials and methods Anaerobic incubation experiments with or without sulfate (SO 4 2− ) and SRB were carried out to monitor S and iron (Fe) dynamics and their relations to As speciation and release to soil solution. Rice cultivation in pot experiment was then carried out to check the SO 4 2− amendment in bioavailability and uptake into rice plants.Results and discussion The inoculation of an enriched SRB community into the sterilized paddy soil increased reduction and release of As to the soil solution after flooding, showing its ability in arsenate (As(V)) as well as SO 4 2− reduction to arsenite (As(III)) and sulfide (S 2− ), respectively. Sulfate addition (2 and 100 mM) into the anaerobic paddy soil increased the reduction of SO 4 2− and ferric iron (Fe 3+ ) and resulted to lower dissolved As in the soil solution, which limited As mobility in the paddy soil. Application of SO 4 2− (100 mg kg −1 ) into paddy soil finally decreased the concentration of dissolved As in the soil solution by 23.5 % and also decreased As content in rice roots and iron plaque by 22.6 and 30.5 %, respectively. Conclusions The results revealed the important role of sulfur and the SRB activity in As speciation and mobility in anaerobic paddy soil, implying a lower As bioavailability to rice plants under sulfur-enriched anaerobic paddy soil, and an efficient way to reduce As accumulation in rice plants by sulfur fertilization in paddy soils.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Arsenic bioavailability to rice plant in paddy soil: influence of microbial sulfate reduction

2015

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“…In paddy soil under flooding conditions, ferric iron is reduced to ferrous iron, and As sequestrated on iron oxide is then released to soil pore water [29,30]. This is in fact one of the key reasons why rice often contains much higher As than upland crops [7]. In addition, re-crystallization of ferrous iron to more stable phases could trap As again [39,40] (Figure 1).…”

Section: Abiotic Factors Influencing the Speciation And Mobility Of Amentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The toxicity of arsenic (As) to humans has been well documented and reviewed [2,3]. Numerous studies have reported that the increase in soil As concentration can cause an enhancement of As accumulation in rice grain and in turn threaten human health through food chain [4][5][6][7][8]. Rice consumption contributes a large proportion of inorganic As via dietary intake for those who rely on rice as the staple food [9][10][11].…”

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confidence: 99%

Effects of microbial processes on the fate of arsenic in paddy soil

2012

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Arsenic (As) is a metalloid toxic to organisms including humans. Arsenic in rice represents a significant exposure pathway for the general population, particularly for those subsisting on rice. Arsenic transformation, namely reduction, oxidation and methylation, in soil-rice systems has fundamental impacts on its mobility and toxicity. In addition to soil chemical properties (pH, Eh, metallic oxides, organic matter), microorganisms play critical roles in As transformation and mobility in paddy soil, such as through ArsM (As(III) S-adenosylmethyltransferase) and interactions with iron oxides or organic matters. Arsenic species in paddy soil directly influence As speciation in rice grain because the methylated As species in rice are mainly derived from microbial methylation in paddy soil. This paper aims to provide an overview on the status of the knowledge and gaps on the chemical aspects of As transformation in soil-rice system in conjunction with microbial ecology and functional genes. In addition, potential pathways (manipulation of microorganisms in paddy soil and genetic engineering) to decrease total As and/or inorganic As in rice grain are proposed.

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“…However, elevated concentrations of arsenic (As), a non-threshold class 1 human carcinogen, in rice grains have aroused health concern (Meharg 2004;Zhu et al 2008b). Irrigation with As-contaminated groundwater and mining activities around rice cultivation areas has aggravated As accumulation in paddy soils (Liao et al 2005;Williams et al 2009).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Water management, rice varieties and mycorrhizal inoculation influence arsenic concentration and speciation in rice grains

Zhang

Ren

et al. 2015

Mycorrhiza

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A pot experiment was carried out to investigate the effects of water management and mycorrhizal inoculation on arsenic (As) uptake by two rice varieties, the As-resistant BRRI dhan 47 (B47) and As-sensitive BRRI dhan 29 (B29). Grain As concentration of B47 plants was significantly lower than that of B29, and grain As concentration of B47 was higher under flooding conditions than that under aerobic conditions. In general, mycorrhizal inoculation (Rhizophagus irregularis) had no significant effect on grain As concentrations, but decreased the proportion of inorganic arsenic (iAs) in grains of B47. The proportion of dimethylarsinic acid (DMA) in the total grain As was dramatically higher under flooding conditions. Results demonstrate that rice variety selection and appropriate water management along with mycorrhizal inoculation could be practical countermeasures to As accumulation and toxicity in rice grains, thus reducing health risks of As exposure in rice diets.

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Exposure to inorganic arsenic from rice: A global health issue?

Cited by 359 publications

References 14 publications

Arsenic bioavailability to rice plant in paddy soil: influence of microbial sulfate reduction

Arsenic bioavailability to rice plant in paddy soil: influence of microbial sulfate reduction

Effects of microbial processes on the fate of arsenic in paddy soil

Water management, rice varieties and mycorrhizal inoculation influence arsenic concentration and speciation in rice grains

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