Exposure to life events as a risk factor for psychological problems in adults with intellectual disabilities: a longitudinal design

Hulbert-Williams, Lee; Hastings, Richard P.; Owen, Dawn M.; Burns, Lawrence; Day, Jemma; Mulligan, Janice; Noone, Stephen J.

doi:10.1111/jir.12050

Cited by 48 publications

(33 citation statements)

References 43 publications

(60 reference statements)

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“…A unidirectional relationship was found between negative life events as measured using the Bangor Life Events Schedule for Intellectual Disabilities (a 38-item informant measure of life events) and psychological and behavioural problems at follow-up [15]. Similarly, negative life events were found significantly predictive of psychological trauma assessed 6 months later by a measure of trauma developed specifically for people with intellectual disabilities, the Lancaster and Northgate Trauma Scales (LANTS; [16]).…”

Section: Recent Research: Effects On People With Id Of Exposure To Admentioning

confidence: 76%

“…Gathering and recording information on past life events (e.g. by using the BLESID life events schedule) [15] may be a useful routine practice for services especially if individuals are moved between placements frequently [37]. An example of a training course is 'Who's Challenging Who' which aimed to change staff attitudes and increase empathy for challenging behaviour [70].…”

Section: Trauma and Organisational Issuesmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Trauma and Life Events in Adults with Intellectual Disability

Wigham

Emerson

2015

Curr Dev Disord Rep

102

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Exposure to adverse life events and environmental stressors (e.g. violence, poverty, sexual abuse) has been found to be high in intellectual disability populations. Notwithstanding resilience, for some people with intellectual disability, adverse life events and environmental stressors may lead to PTSD and may affect well-being in more diffuse but potentially still clinically impactful ways (e.g. challenging behaviour, obesity, substance misuse). Advances have occurred in the field of trauma in intellectual disability. More specifically, a small number of assessment measures have been developed for PTSD and a small number of studies evaluated treatment interventions such as cognitive behavioural therapy (CBT) and eye movement desensitisation and reprocessing (EMDR). Awareness has also increased regarding the potential life course effects on mental health of exposure to environmental stressors. While these developments are promising, the field warrants more research and development. This paper considers recent developments in knowledge on the psychological effects of exposure to adverse life events and environmental stressors in adults with intellectual disabilities.

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Section: Recent Research: Effects On People With Id Of Exposure To Admentioning

confidence: 76%

Section: Trauma and Organisational Issuesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Trauma and Life Events in Adults with Intellectual Disability

Wigham

Emerson

2015

Curr Dev Disord Rep

102

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“…Wide ranging examples may include; illness, injury, accident, hospitalisation, being sectioned, being a victim of theft or crime, witnessing crime, perpetrating crime, bereavement, the breakup of a relationship, sexual abuse, loss of occupation, serious illness of a close relative, or moving from a long hospital stay (Hulbert-Williams et al, 2013).…”

Section: Trauma and Posttraumatic Stress Disorder (Ptsd)mentioning

confidence: 99%

Eye Movement Desensitisation and Reprocessing in the treatment of trauma with mild intellectual disabilities: a case study

Dilly

2013

Advances in Mental Health and Intellectual Disabilities

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Purpose -The purpose of this paper is to explore the effectiveness of Eye Movement Desensitisation and Reprocessing (EMDR) therapy in an individual with mild intellectual disabilities currently compulsorily detained in secure care. Design/methodology/approach -The intervention utilised the EMDR eight-phase protocolised psychotherapeutic approach. Sessions utilised symbol cards to explore the impact of the client's experiences in relation to his thoughts, emotional feelings, physical feelings and behaviour. Drawings were also utilised to assist the client to develop a picture of the traumatic incident. A "safe place visualisation technique" was also utilised at the end of every session to manage any distress. The Posttraumatic Stress Diagnostic Scale (PDS) with some minor adaptations for use with people with intellectual disabilities was utilised as a pre-and post-measure. Findings -The study identified reductions in symptoms in all three core clinical subgroups of the PDS: re-experiencing, avoidance and arousal, with outcomes being maintained at one-month and six -month follow-up. Reduction in the strength of ratings was most evident in the avoidance domain. Originality/value -There are limited studies exploring the effectiveness of EMDR with individuals with intellectual disabilities.

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“…-Negative life events -events such as moving house, death of a relative, and victimisation are common in people with ID and have been associated with the subsequent development of a range of psychiatric problems, including psychotic illness (Hulbert-Williams et al 2014). …”

Section: Risk Factorsmentioning

confidence: 99%