Exposure to medication for neurological disease in pregnancy – time to consider the long-term implications?

Liu, Chen; Pace, Samuel; Bromley, Rebecca; Dobson, Ruth

doi:10.1016/j.eclinm.2023.102157

eClinicalMedicine

2023

DOI: 10.1016/j.eclinm.2023.102157

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Exposure to medication for neurological disease in pregnancy – time to consider the long-term implications?

Chen Liu,

Samuel Pace,

Rebecca Bromley

et al.

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2024

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Cited by 2 publications

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Avoiding the use of valproate

Vajda,

Eadie

2024

Discov Med

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Avoiding the use of valproate

Vajda,

Eadie

2024

Discov Med

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Delving into the Complexity of Valproate-Induced Autism Spectrum Disorder: The Use of Zebrafish Models

Camussi,

Naef,

Brogi

et al. 2024

Cells

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Autism spectrum disorder (ASD) is a multifactorial neurodevelopmental condition with several identified risk factors, both genetic and non-genetic. Among these, prenatal exposure to valproic acid (VPA) has been extensively associated with the development of the disorder. The zebrafish, a cost- and time-effective model, is useful for studying ASD features. Using validated VPA-induced ASD zebrafish models, we aimed to provide new insights into VPA exposure effects during embryonic development and to identify new potential biomarkers associated with ASD-like features. Dose–response analyses were performed in vivo to study larval phenotypes and mechanisms underlying neuroinflammation, mitochondrial dysfunction, oxidative stress, microglial cell status, and motor behaviour. Wild-type and transgenic Tg(mpeg1:EGFP) zebrafish were water-exposed to VPA doses (5 to 500 µM) from 6 to 120 h post-fertilisation (hpf). Embryos and larvae were monitored daily to assess survival and hatching rates, and numerous analyses and tests were conducted from 24 to 120 hpf. VPA doses higher than 50 µM worsened survival and hatching rates, while doses of 25 µM or more altered morphology, microglial status, and larval behaviours. VPA 50 µM also affected mRNA expression of inflammatory cytokines and neurogenesis-related genes, mitochondrial respiration, and reactive oxygen species accumulation. The study confirmed that VPA alters brain homeostasis, synaptic interconnections, and neurogenesis-related signalling pathways, contributing to ASD aetiopathogenesis. Further studies are essential to identify novel ASD biomarkers for developing new drug targets and tailored therapeutic interventions for ASD.

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Exposure to medication for neurological disease in pregnancy – time to consider the long-term implications?

Cited by 2 publications

References 103 publications

Avoiding the use of valproate

Avoiding the use of valproate

Delving into the Complexity of Valproate-Induced Autism Spectrum Disorder: The Use of Zebrafish Models

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