Exposure to methylene chloride. II. Psychological functions.

Fast determination of urinary S-phenylmercapturic acid (S-PMA) and S-benzylmercapturic acid (S-BMA) by column-switching liquid chromatography–tandem mass spectrometry

“…Benzene is well known for its carcinogenic properties and is classified as a group 1 carcinogen by both the Deutsche Forschungsgemeinschaft (DFG) [1], and the International Agency for Research on Cancer (IARC) [2]. Exposure to toluene has several effects on the central nervous system [3][4][5] and has been reported to have effects on reproductive outcome in humans [6,7]. The DFG has noted that both substances are able to penetrate the skin, therefore, biological monitoring is an * Corresponding author.…”

Richtwerte für die Innenraumluft: Dichlormethan

“…Vergleichbare neurotoxische Effekte traten bei Probanden mit ausschlief~licher COExposition bei gleichen CO-Hb-Spiegeln entweder nicht [34] oder in abgeschw~ichter Forro auf [33]. Unterhalb dieser Expositionsh6he fanden sich entweder keine oder keine signifikanten Effekte [13,35].…”

Behavioral methods and organic solvents: questions and consequences.

“…A long series of experimental studies was undertaken at the precursor to the Swedish NIOH in collaboration between researchers from several disciplines, including chemistry, medicine, physiology, and, last but not least, psychology. This was the series of studies in which Irma Astrand and her co-workers (7) reported results regarding uptake, distribution, and elimination of the solvents, and Francesco Gamberale and his co-workers (8)(9)(10)(11)(12)(13)(14) described effects on the CNS. In these experiments, human volunteers were exposed to the solvents toluene (8), methyl chloroform (9), styrene (10), methylene chloride (11), white spirit (12), trichloroethylene (13), xylene, and ethylbenzene (14) and the behavioral effects resulting from these exposures were studied.…”

“…Still, a search was started in our laboratory to find tests that would be more sensitive to the early prenarcotic effects from acute solvent exposure. Thus, as part of the early experimental work by Gamberale et al (8)(9)(10)(11)(12)(13)(14), a series of tests and testing equipment were designed, thereby increasing the sensitivity of the studies.…”