Exposure to organic solvents and adverse pregnancy outcomes

Ahmed, Parvez; Jaakkola, Jouni J. K.

doi:10.1093/humrep/dem200

Cited by 41 publications

(21 citation statements)

References 24 publications

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“…Decreased fetal and birth weight or small-for-gestational-age at birth are the most common reported outcomes of occupational solvent exposure during pregnancy [Ahmed and Jaakkola 2007]. For example, among 41,200 couples working in the petrochemical industry in China, exposure reduced birth weights of female babies after adjusting for potential confounders but paternal exposure to organic solvents was not similarly associated [Ha et al 2002].…”

Section: Pregnancy Outcomesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Reproductive Toxicology and Teratology of Abused Toluene

Hannigan

Bowen

2010

Systems Biology in Reproductive Medicine

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Reproductive Toxicology and Teratology of Abused TolueneToluene is an organic solvent that is widely used by industry and is ubiquitous in our environment. As a result, exposure to solvents like toluene in workrelated settings (i.e., relatively constant, low-level exposures) or through inhalant abuse (i.e., relatively intermittent, high-level exposures) is increasing for many women of reproductive age. Evidence suggests that the risk for pregnancy problems, as well as developmental delays and neurobehavioral difficulties, is higher for the children of women who have been exposed to high concentrations of organic solvents during pregnancy than for those who have not. These risks appear to be higher in cases of abuse exposure to solvents such as toluene, particularly in comparison to the risk for teratogenic outcomes with occupational solvent exposure. Despite this, the reproductive toxicology and teratology following abuse of toluene and other inhalants remains under-investigated. This brief review describes the current state of our understanding of the reproductive and teratogenic risk of gestational toluene abuse. The data to date suggest that the high levels of toluene exposure typical with inhalant abuse are more detrimental to fetal development than typical occupational exposure, and preclinical paradigms can be beneficial for investigating the processes and risks of prenatal solvent exposure. While substantial research has been done on the reproductive effects of occupational exposures to organic solvents, more research is needed on the outcomes and mechanisms of exposures typical of inhalant abuse.

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Section: Pregnancy Outcomesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Reproductive Toxicology and Teratology of Abused Toluene

Hannigan

Bowen

2010

Systems Biology in Reproductive Medicine

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“…Abuse of inhalants like toluene while pregnant can lead to a constellation of physical anomalies and developmental disabilities in the offspring collectively referred to as “Fetal Solvent Syndrome” (FSS; Toutant and Lippmann, 1979, Hannigan and Bowen, 2010, Bowen and Hannigan, 2013). The signs of FSS in children include premature birth, low birth weight (Ahmed and Jaakkola, 2007), skeletal and other facial anomalies (Jones and Balster, 1998), and impaired cognitive development (Laslo-Baker et al, 2004), outcomes sharing similarities with Fetal Alcohol Spectrum Disorders (FASD; Pearson et al, 1994, Wilkins-Haug, 1997). …”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Prenatal toluene exposure impairs performance in the Morris Water Maze in adolescent rats

2017

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Volatile organic solvent abuse continues to be a worldwide health problem, including the neurobehavioral teratogenic sequelae of toluene abuse during pregnancy. Although abuse levels of prenatal toluene exposure can lead to a Fetal Solvent Syndrome, there is little research examining these effects on memory. Consumption of toluene can have detrimental effects on the developing hippocampus which could lead to specific spatial learning and memory deficits. This study used a rat model to determine how prenatal exposure to abuse levels of toluene would affect performance in a spatial learning and memory task, the Morris Water Maze (MWM). Pregnant Sprague-Dawley rats were exposed to 0, 8000 or 12,000 parts per million (ppm) of toluene for 15 min twice daily from gestation day 8 (GD8) through GD20. Male and female offspring (N= 104) were observed in the MWM for 5 days beginning on postnatal day (PN) 28 and again on PN44. While prenatal toluene exposed animals did not differ in initial acquisition in the MWM, rats prenatally exposed to 12,000 ppm toluene displayed performance deficits during a probe trial and in reversal learning on PN44. Overall, this study indicates that prenatal exposure to repeated inhaled abuse patterns of high concentrations of toluene can impair spatial memory function that persists into adolescence.

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“…Probability, intensity and frequency of exposure were accounted for, and a modest increase in the odds of SGA was reported for low (1.3; 0.6 to 2.5) and moderate (2.2; 0.8 to 6.1) exposure (no women were considered to have ‘high’ exposure). SGA as well as LBW (defined as <3000 g) were later examined in a Finnish case–control study (1996–1997; approximately 1500 births) in relation to self-reported exposure to any solvents at work anytime during pregnancy or the 3 months before 18. In this study, the unadjusted ORs for SGA and LBW were 1.72 (1.08 to 2.69) and 1.39 (0.87 to 2.13), respectively.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Some studies have evaluated SGA,18–20 while others have considered LBW with a threshold of either 250016 20 or 300017 18 grams. In our study, we examined two measures of FGR: SGA and change in the distribution of term birthweight.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Assessed occupational exposure to chlorinated, aromatic and Stoddard solvents during pregnancy and risk of fetal growth restriction

et al. 2015

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Objectives Previous experimental and epidemiological research suggests that maternal exposure to some organic solvents during pregnancy may increase the risk of fetal growth restriction (FGR). We evaluated the association between expert-assessed occupational solvent exposure and risk of small for gestational age (SGA) infants in a population-based sample of women in the National Birth Defects Prevention Study. Methods We analysed data from 2886 mothers and their infants born between 1997 and 2002. Job histories were self-reported. Probability of exposure to six chlorinated, three aromatic and one petroleum solvent was assessed by industrial hygienists. SGA was defined as birthweight<10th centile of birthweight-by-gestational age in a national reference. Logistic regression was used to estimate ORs and 95% CIs to assess the association between SGA and exposure to any solvent(s) or specific solvent classes, adjusting for maternal age and education. Results Approximately 8% of infants were SGA. Exposure prevalence to any solvent was 10% and 8% among mothers of SGA and non-SGA infants, respectively. Among women with ≥50% probability of exposure, we observed elevated but imprecise associations between SGA and exposure to any solvent(s) (1.71; 0.86 to 3.40), chlorinated solvents (1.70; 0.69 to 4.01) and aromatic solvents (1.87; 0.78 to 4.50). Conclusions This is the first population-based study in the USA to investigate the potential association between FGR and assessed maternal occupational exposure to distinct classes of organic solvents during pregnancy. The potential associations observed between SGA and exposure to chlorinated and aromatic solvents are based on small numbers and merit further investigation.

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Exposure to organic solvents and adverse pregnancy outcomes

Cited by 41 publications

References 24 publications

Reproductive Toxicology and Teratology of Abused Toluene

Reproductive Toxicology and Teratology of Abused Toluene

Prenatal toluene exposure impairs performance in the Morris Water Maze in adolescent rats

Assessed occupational exposure to chlorinated, aromatic and Stoddard solvents during pregnancy and risk of fetal growth restriction

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