Exposure to particulate matter: a brief review with a focus on cardiovascular effects, children, and research conducted in Turkey

Şüküroğlu, Ayça Aktaş; Çakmak, Gonca

doi:10.2478/aiht-2021-72-3563

Cited by 3 publications

(2 citation statements)

References 99 publications

(116 reference statements)

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“…This difference in classification is attributed to the fact that diesel PM (DPM) in diesel engine exhaust is richer in PAHs and contains a greater proportion of ultrafine particles (UFPs) compared with gasoline engine exhaust (US EPA, 2002). UFPs promote oxidative stress by ROS formation through reactions between hydrocarbons and metals attached to PMs (Elkama et al, 2021). Many organic pollutants with genotoxic potential, including PAHs, have been shown to be adsorbed on the surface of UFPs (Dobbins, 2007).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Assessment of genotoxicity biomarkers in gasoline station attendants due to occupational exposure

Elkama,

Şentürk,

Karahalil

2024

Toxicol Ind Health

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Gasoline station attendants are exposed to numerous chemicals that might have genotoxic and carcinogenic potential, such as benzene in fuel vapor and particulate matter and polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons in vehicle exhaust emission. According to IARC, benzene and diesel particulates are Group 1 human carcinogens, and gasoline has been classified as Group 2A “possibly carcinogenic to humans.” At gas stations, self-service is not implemented in Turkey; fuel-filling service is provided entirely by employees, and therefore they are exposed to those chemicals in the workplace during all working hours. Genetic monitoring of workers with occupational exposure to possible genotoxic agents allows early detection of cancer. We aimed to investigate the genotoxic damage due to exposures in gasoline station attendants in Turkey. Genotoxicity was evaluated by the Comet, chromosomal aberration, and cytokinesis-block micronucleus assays in peripheral blood lymphocytes. Gasoline station attendants ( n = 53) had higher tail length, tail intensity, and tail moment values than controls ( n = 61). In gasoline station attendants ( n = 46), the frequencies of chromatid gaps, chromosome gaps, and total aberrations were higher compared with controls ( n = 59). Increased frequencies of micronuclei and nucleoplasmic bridges were determined in gasoline station attendants ( n = 47) compared with controls ( n = 40). Factors such as age, duration of working, and smoking did not have any significant impact on genotoxic endpoints. Only exposure increased genotoxic damage in gasoline station attendants independently from demographic and clinical characteristics. Occupational exposure-related genotoxicity risk may increase in gasoline station attendants who are chronically exposed to gasoline and various chemicals in vehicle exhaust emissions.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Assessment of genotoxicity biomarkers in gasoline station attendants due to occupational exposure

Elkama,

Şentürk,

Karahalil

2024

Toxicol Ind Health

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“…Air pollution is not a single compound; instead, it is a complex mixture of gases such as NOx, ozone, and SOx, along with particulate matter (PM), which include potentially harmful substances like combustion particles, toxic metals, organic compounds, and acidic components. This complexity adds difficulty to the assessment of both exposure and effects [ 6 , 7 , 8 , 9 , 10 , 11 , 12 ]. As per WHO, approximately 99% of the world’s population, mainly in low- and middle-income countries, resides in areas with air quality below recommended standards [ 13 ], leading to more than 8.5 million excess deaths annually.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Air Pollution and Primary DNA Damage among Zagreb (Croatia) Residents: A Cross-Sectional Study

Gerić,

Pehnec,

Matković

et al. 2024

JoX

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More than eight million premature deaths annually can be attributed to air pollution, with 99% of the world’s population residing in areas below recommended air quality standards. Hence, the present study aimed to examine the association between primary DNA damage and air pollution data among 123 participants enrolled between 2011 and 2015 in Zagreb, Croatia. While most measured air pollutants adhered to regulatory limits, benzo[a]pyrene concentrations bound to PM10 exceeded them. Factorial analysis narrowed down air pollution data to four exposure factors (particulate matter, two metal factors, and other pollutants). Despite the absence of significant positive associations between modeled air pollution exposure factors and comet assay descriptors (tail length, tail intensity, tail moment, and highly damaged nuclei), the critical health implications of air pollution warrant further investigations, particularly with biomarkers of exposure and different biomarkers of effect in populations facing air pollution exposure.

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The Health-Related and Learning Performance Effects of Air Pollution and Other Urban-Related Environmental Factors on School-Age Children and Adolescents—A Scoping Review of Systematic Reviews

Roche,

Ubalde-Lopez,

Daher

et al. 2024

Curr Envir Health Rpt

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Purpose of Review This scoping review aims to assess the impact of air pollution, traffic noise, heat, and green and blue space exposures on the physical and cognitive development of school-age children and adolescents. While existing evidence indicates adverse effects of transport-related exposures on their health, a comprehensive scoping review is necessary to consolidate findings on various urban environmental exposures’ effects on children’s development. Recent Findings There is consistent evidence on how air pollution negatively affects children’s cognitive and respiratory health and learning performance, increasing their susceptibility to diseases in their adult life. Scientific evidence on heat and traffic noise, while less researched, indicates that they negatively affect children’s health. On the contrary, green space exposure seems to benefit or mitigate these adverse effects, suggesting a potential strategy to promote children’s cognitive and physical development in urban settings. Summary This review underscores the substantial impact of urban exposures on the physical and mental development of children and adolescents. It highlights adverse health effects that can extend into adulthood, affecting academic opportunities and well-being beyond health. While acknowledging the necessity for more research on the mechanisms of air pollution effects and associations with heat and noise exposure, the review advocates prioritizing policy changes and urban planning interventions. This includes minimizing air pollution and traffic noise while enhancing urban vegetation, particularly in school environments, to ensure the healthy development of children and promote lifelong health.

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Exposure to particulate matter: a brief review with a focus on cardiovascular effects, children, and research conducted in Turkey

Cited by 3 publications

References 99 publications

Assessment of genotoxicity biomarkers in gasoline station attendants due to occupational exposure

Assessment of genotoxicity biomarkers in gasoline station attendants due to occupational exposure

Air Pollution and Primary DNA Damage among Zagreb (Croatia) Residents: A Cross-Sectional Study

The Health-Related and Learning Performance Effects of Air Pollution and Other Urban-Related Environmental Factors on School-Age Children and Adolescents—A Scoping Review of Systematic Reviews

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