Exposure to phthalates in the sleeping microenvironment of university dormitories: A preliminary estimate based on skin wipe and dust sampling

Yao, Jingyu; Hu, Maochao; Yuan, Fangzhou; Ye, Haitian; Xu, Zefei; Zhang, Xingchen; Qiu, Gongnuan; Dong, Cong; Mmereki, Daniel; Xu, Yanwen; Zheng, Yuting; Bu, Zhongming

doi:10.1016/j.buildenv.2022.109135

Cited by 10 publications

(2 citation statements)

References 64 publications

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“…Only a few studies have measured VOC concentrations in schools, especially in kindergartens, leading to difficulties in accurately estimating the exposure to VOCs during childhood. Furthermore, recent studies have revealed that exposure to chemical pollutants in indoor microenvironments (e.g., vehicular microenvironment, sleeping microenvironment) cannot be neglected 254–256 . Studies of those microenvironments are required.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Indoor exposure levels and risk assessment of volatile organic compounds in residences, schools, and offices in China from 2000 to 2021: A systematic review

Liu

et al. 2022

Indoor Air

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The last two decades have witnessed rapid urbanization and economic growth accompanied by severe indoor air pollution of volatile organic compounds (VOCs) in China. However, indoor VOC pollution across China has not been well characterized and documented. This study is a systematic review of field measurements of eight target VOCs (benzene, toluene, xylenes, acetaldehyde, p-dichlorobenzene, butadiene, trichloroethylene, and tetrachloroethylene) in residences, offices, and schools in China from 2000 to 2021. The results show that indoor pollution of benzene, toluene, and xylenes has been more serious in China than in other countries. Spatiotemporal distribution shows lower indoor VOC levels in east and south-east regions and a declining trend from 2000 to 2021. Moving into a dwelling more than 1 year after decoration and improving ventilation could significantly reduce exposure to indoor VOCs. Reducing benzene exposure is urgently needed because it is associated with greater health risks (4.5 × 10 −4 for lifetime cancer risk and 8.3 for hazard quotient) than any other VOCs. The present study enriches the database of indoor VOC levels

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Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Indoor exposure levels and risk assessment of volatile organic compounds in residences, schools, and offices in China from 2000 to 2021: A systematic review

Liu

et al. 2022

Indoor Air

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“…Gaseous phthalates can be easily absorbed in airborne particles, settled dust and surfaces due to their low vapor pressure [2]. Humans are exposed to phthalates via inhalation, oral ingestion and dermal pathways [5][6][7][8][9]. Phthalates are rapidly metabolized after entering the human body and most phthalate metabolites are excreted in the urine [10][11][12][13].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Identification of Phthalates from Artificial Products in Chinese Kindergarten Classrooms and the Implications for Preschool Children’s Exposure Assessments

Wang

Yao

et al. 2022

IJERPH

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Phthalates are typical chemical pollutants in kindergarten classrooms since numerous artificial products (e.g., polyvinyl chloride (PVC) floorings, soft polymers and plastic toys) that might contain phthalates are widely distributed in kindergarten classrooms. Although Chinese preschool children spend a considerable amount of their waking hours (>8 h/day) in kindergartens, phthalate exposure in such indoor environment has not been given much attention. In this study, the mass fractions of six phthalates in twenty-six artificial products (fifteen flat decoration materials and eleven plastic toys) commonly found in Chinese kindergarten classrooms were measured. Di-2-ethylhexyl phthalate (DEHP) was the most predominant compound in all materials. The emission characteristics of the DEHP from these materials were further investigated. The measured emission characteristics were used for predicting multi-phase DEHP concentrations in kindergarten classrooms by applying a mass transfer model. The modeled concentrations were comparable with those measured in the real environment, indicating that these products might be the major sources of DEHP in Chinese kindergarten classrooms. Preschool children’s exposure to DEHP was found to be 0.42 μg/kg/day in kindergartens under baseline conditions, accounting for 18% of the total exposure to DEHP in Chinese indoor environments.

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Indoor air quality during sleep in university dormitories: exploring the impact of various ventilation patterns

Zheng,

Wang,

Zhou

2024

Air Qual Atmos Health

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Exposure to phthalates in the sleeping microenvironment of university dormitories: A preliminary estimate based on skin wipe and dust sampling

Cited by 10 publications

References 64 publications

Indoor exposure levels and risk assessment of volatile organic compounds in residences, schools, and offices in China from 2000 to 2021: A systematic review

Indoor exposure levels and risk assessment of volatile organic compounds in residences, schools, and offices in China from 2000 to 2021: A systematic review

Identification of Phthalates from Artificial Products in Chinese Kindergarten Classrooms and the Implications for Preschool Children’s Exposure Assessments

Indoor air quality during sleep in university dormitories: exploring the impact of various ventilation patterns

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