Exposure to quinestrol and levonorgestrel affects maternal behavior and offspring development in midday gerbil (Meriones meridianus)

Yu, Peng; Chen, Zhuo; Zhao, Haochi; Cao, Ruidong; Chen, Lingyun; Su, Jian; Ning, Yingzhi

doi:10.1016/j.physbeh.2020.112848

Cited by 4 publications

(3 citation statements)

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“…Therefore, the inhibition of the H−P−G axis should be the main reason for the decrease in T. In addition, progesterone and estrogen have an inhibitory effect on FSH secretion (Liu et al 2012a). Under the action of the synthetic steroids, the level of reproductive hormones was significantly reduced, consistent with the results of previous studies (Lv & Shi 2011;Lv et al 2012;Su et al 2019;Yu et al 2020). In the present study, the changes in hormone levels reflected changes in reproductive organ weight, which again confirmed the reproductive inhibitory effects of EP-1 and E in male plateau zokors.…”

Section: Structural Variation Of the Uterus And Ovarysupporting

confidence: 89%

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Antifertility effects of levonorgestrel, quinestrol, and their mixture (EP‐1) on plateau zokor in the Qinghai–Tibetan Plateau

et al. 2022

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The plateau zokor (Eospalax baileyi) is a key species in the Qinghai−Tibetan Plateau ecosystem, and fertility control could be an ideal approach to manage populations of this subterranean species. In this laboratory study, we explored the effects of the mixture of levonorgestrel and quinestrol (EP-1, 1:2), quinestrol (E), and levonorgestrel (P) on the reproductive status of plateau zokors. Groups of 5 animals of each sex were treated with different concentrations of EP-1 (1, 5, and 10 mg/kg), E (0.33, 3.3, and 6.6 mg/kg), and P (0.67, 3.35, and 6.7 mg/kg) by oral gavage over 7 successive days and killed on day 15. Body mass reduction was observed in the EP-1 and E groups. EP-1 and E significantly reduced the weight of testis and epididymis at 10 and 3.3 mg/kg, respectively. Sperm count and motility were significantly reduced by 5 mg/kg EP-1 and 0.33 mg/kg E. The levels of serum testosterone, estradiol, luteinizing hormone, and follicle stimulating hormone were significantly reduced by 5 mg/kg EP-1 and 3.3 mg/kg E. EP-1 and E significantly increased the uterine and ovarian weights at 10 and 3.3 mg/kg, respectively. In the plateau zokors, treatment with P had no influence on the reproductive status. These data demonstrate that EP-1 and E have an inhibitory effect on a range of reproductive parameters in the plateau zokors. Further assessment is required to determine the effects on breeding and recruitment in enclosure or field experiments.

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Section: Structural Variation Of the Uterus And Ovarysupporting

confidence: 89%

“…2019; Yu et al . 2020). In the present study, the changes in hormone levels reflected changes in reproductive organ weight, which again confirmed the reproductive inhibitory effects of EP‐1 and E in male plateau zokors.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Antifertility effects of levonorgestrel, quinestrol, and their mixture (EP‐1) on plateau zokor in the Qinghai–Tibetan Plateau

et al. 2022

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“…2022; Yu et al. 2020). A previous study indicated that EP‐1 treatment could result in morphological changes in the ovary, thus preventing the formation of mature follicles and normal ovulation and resulting in thinner, interstitial, and loose edema.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Antifertility effects of EP‐1 (quinestrol and levonorgestrel) on Pacific rats (Rattus exulans)

LIU,

TU,

LIU

et al. 2023

Integr. Zool.

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Pest rodents pose a serious threat to island biodiversity. Fertility control could be an alternative approach to control the impact of rodents on these islands. In this study, we examined the antifertility effects of EP‐1 baits containing quinestrol (E) and levonorgestrel (P) using a dose of 50 ppm E and P at three different ratios (E:P ratio = 1:2, 1:1, and 2:1) on Pacific rats (Rattus exulans) in the Xisha Islands, Hainan, China. Compared to the control group, all animals in EP‐1 treatment groups showed significantly decreased food intake and body weight. In treated males, there were obvious abnormalities in testis structure and a significant decrease of relative seminal vesicle weight, but no significant effect on relative uterine and ovarian weights (g kg−1 body weight), or ovarian structure in females. Adding 8% sucrose to the original 50‐ppm baits (E:P ratio = 1:1) significantly increased bait palatability for males and females. This dose induced uterine edema and abnormalities of ovarian structure in females but had no significant negative effect on the relative testis, epididymis, and seminal vesicle weights (g kg−1 body weight) or sperm density in males. In summary, 50‐ppm EP‐1 (1:1) baits have the potential to disrupt the fertility of females, and 8% sucrose addition to the EP‐1 baits (E:P ratio = 1:1) could improve bait palatability. This dose disrupted the testis structure in males. Future studies are needed to improve bait acceptance and assess the antifertility effects of EP‐1 (1:1) on Pacific rats in captive breeding trials and under field conditions.

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Responses in organs, sperm, steroid hormones and CYP450 enzyme in male mice treated by quinestrol only or in conjunction with clarithromycin

Ji,

Wang,

Liu

et al. 2024

Sci Rep

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Pest rodents persistently undermine crop yields and food security. Fertility control could be a viable alternative for managing rodent populations. This study investigates the antifertility effects of various concentrations of clarithromycin combined with 1.0 mg/kg quinestrol on male rodents to determine an effective contraceptive dose that minimizes quinestrol usage, addressing key concerns such as potential environmental residue, which may impact ecological balance, and poor palatability, which could reduce ingestion and limit the sterilant’s effectiveness. Male mice were divided into five groups and administered different doses of clarithromycin or clarithromycin and quinestrol for three consecutive days, while the control group received sunflower seed oil only. After seven days, organ weights, reproductive organ weights, sperm density, serum hormone levels, and CYP3A4 content in small intestinal and liver tissues were measured to assess persistent effects. Compared with the control group, all treatment groups had significant reductions in epididymal weight, seminal vesicle weight, and serum T and LH levels. Higher concentrations of clarithromycin (2 mg/kg and 10 mg/kg) significantly impacted reproductive metrics, including sperm density, organ weights, and serum LH and testosterone levels, though complete sterilization was not achieved, with more than 60 million cauda epididymal spermatozoa remaining. However, the combination demonstrated potential as an effective strategy for male fertility control. The combination of 2.0 mg/kg clarithromycin and quinestrol can mitigate organ enlargement seen with quinestrol alone. This combination also decreased total enzyme content, thereby diminishing quinestrol’s induction of CYP3A4, which may increase the sterilization effectiveness of the treatment.

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Exposure to quinestrol and levonorgestrel affects maternal behavior and offspring development in midday gerbil (Meriones meridianus)

Cited by 4 publications

References 44 publications

Antifertility effects of levonorgestrel, quinestrol, and their mixture (EP‐1) on plateau zokor in the Qinghai–Tibetan Plateau

Antifertility effects of levonorgestrel, quinestrol, and their mixture (EP‐1) on plateau zokor in the Qinghai–Tibetan Plateau

Antifertility effects of EP‐1 (quinestrol and levonorgestrel) on Pacific rats (Rattus exulans)

Responses in organs, sperm, steroid hormones and CYP450 enzyme in male mice treated by quinestrol only or in conjunction with clarithromycin

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