Exposure to Violence and Sexual Risk Among Early Adolescents in Urban Middle Schools

Coyle, Karin; Guinosso, Stephanie A.; Glassman, Jill R.; Anderson, Pamela M.; Wilson, Helen W.

doi:10.1177/0272431616642324

Cited by 13 publications

(6 citation statements)

References 43 publications

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“…Consistent with previous research, this study found that there was an association between bullying and HIV risk . Previous studies on bullying have established that students who experience bullying are faced with trauma and use sex to cope with the victimization . As students engage with multiple sexual partners, they are bound to be exposed to HIV .…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 88%

Bullying and HIV Risk Among High School Teenagers: The Mediating Role of Teen Dating Violence

Okumu

Mengo

Ombayo

et al. 2017

Journal of School Health

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Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 88%

Bullying and HIV Risk Among High School Teenagers: The Mediating Role of Teen Dating Violence

Okumu

Mengo

Ombayo

et al. 2017

Journal of School Health

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“…The data reported here has shown that violencerelated behavior is also significantly associated with exposure to sex. This finding is in agreement with a study on the influence of exposure to violence on sexual risk among early adolescents 21 . From the study, adolescents experiencing a direct threat was significantly associated with a greater intention to engage in vaginal intercourse and sexual touching while witnessing violence alone is significantly associated with sexual touching 21 .…”

Section: Resultssupporting

confidence: 93%

Violence-Related Behaviors Among School Going Adolescents in Peninsular Malaysia

Reffien

Shah

Lim³

2020

MJPHM

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Violence among adolescents is a significant public health issue. The focus was on school-going adolescents because of the life-long negative impact at an individual level both for the perpetrator and victim. Besides, it increases the costs to provide health, welfare, and criminal justice as well as decreases general productivity at the community level. The study aims to determine the prevalence of violence-related behavior, characteristics of both victims and perpetrators, in addition to inter and intrapersonal factors associated with violence-related behaviors. A study was carried out in 2013, which involved all upper secondary school students (aged 16 to 17 years). It was a part of the Malaysian Adolescent Health Risk Behavior (MyAHRB) study, which was conducted in 11 states in Peninsular Malaysia. Standardized, validated questionnaires were used for data collection. The prevalence of violence-related behaviors was 22.4%, and this was higher among male students as compared to females (29.1% vs. 16.3%). Multivariable analysis revealed that the odds of violence-related behaviour increased among males, Malay race, drug use, smoking, had exposure to sex, which sometimes and always felt lonely and had attempted suicide. Agreeable to ensure that their lifestyles do not transgress religious limit and belief was significantly protective. This study provides evidence for a targeted approach to combat violence-related behaviors among adolescents.

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“…By middle adolescence, most young people have been involved in at least one romantic relationship [2], a context associated with greater odds of sexual intercourse [3] and in which most sexual interactions occur [4]. Research suggests adolescents lack positive models as well as norms and skills related to building healthy relationships [5]. Nonetheless, developmental psychologists emphasize that adolescence represents a new period in which past models of relationships may be reshaped, priming young people for healthier adult relationships [6].…”

Section: Background and Rationalementioning

confidence: 99%

“…Indeed, some contextual factors, such as experience with romantic relationships or even exposure to violence, place adolescents at greater risk for engaging in sexual activity, including unprotected (eg, condomless) sex that could lead to an unplanned pregnancy or STI. In addition, exposure to violence, both directly and indirectly, is associated with risky behaviors (eg, unprotected sex), lack of self-efficacy, anxiety, depression, challenges developing and maintaining healthy relationships with prosocial peers, and increased associations with peers who endorse unsafe norms and behaviors [ 5 , 15 ]. Estimates suggest that 60% of children and adolescents younger than 18 years have been exposed to at least one form of violence in the previous year [ 16 ], meaning these adolescents are at increased vulnerability for other poor outcomes.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Promoting Adolescent Healthy Relationships (The About Us Program): Protocol for a Randomized Clinical Trial

Anderson¹,

Coyle²,

Guinosso³

et al. 2021

JMIR Res Protoc

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Background Romantic relationships play a critical role in adolescent development, and by middle adolescence, most young people have been involved in at least one romantic relationship, a context in which most sexual interactions occur. Research suggests adolescents lack positive models and skills related to building healthy relationships. Objective This project aims to test the impact of an innovative healthy relationships intervention, called About Us, implemented in school-based health centers (SBHCs) in California in a randomized controlled trial. Methods About Us is being tested using a 7-site, 2-group, parallel randomized controlled trial with a treatment versus control allocation ratio of 3:2 to assess the impact of the intervention relative to the standard of care among adolescents aged 14 to 18 years. Adolescents with active parental consent provide study assent at each of the 3 survey time points: baseline, 3 months postintervention, and 9 months postintervention. A stratified randomization procedure was used to ensure balance in key covariates and screening criteria across intervention groups. Through benchmark intent-to-treat analyses, we will examine the primary outcome of this study—the impact of About Us relative to the standard of care 9 months following the end of the intervention on the prevalence of vaginal or anal sex without condoms in the past 3 months. The secondary outcomes are four-fold: what is the impact of About Us relative to the standard of care 3 and 9 months following the end of the intervention, on (1) the prevalence of abstinence from vaginal or anal sex in the past 3 months, (2) composite scores of relationship communication and positive conflict resolution among participants involved in a relationship at baseline, (3) the prevalence of SBHC service use or information receipt in the past 3 months, and (4) composite scores of condom use intentions and attitudes regarding condoms and other birth control? Additionally, as part of our sensitivity analyses, two additional analyses will be implemented: modified intent-to-treat and complete case analysis. Results This project (ClinicalTrials.gov #NCT03736876) was funded in 2016 through the Family Youth Services Bureau as part of the Personal Responsibility Education Innovative Strategies program. Baseline data collection took place between February 2018 and March 2020, yielding a total of 5 cohorts and 533 study participants: 316 assigned to treatment and 217 assigned to control. Ongoing follow-up data collection continued through May 2021. Conclusions About Us draws on developmental science to create a contextually and developmentally relevant program that addresses motivation and emotional influences in sexual decision-making. The intervention was designed for implementation within SBHCs, an understudied venue for relationship and sexual health promotion interventions. Unfortunately, COVID-19 pandemic restrictions led to school closures, interrupting ongoing programming, and in-person follow-up data collection, which has affected study attrition. Trial Registration ClinicalTrials.gov NCT03736876; https://clinicaltrials.gov/ct2/show/NCT03736876 International Registered Report Identifier (IRRID) DERR1-10.2196/30499

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Exposure to Violence and Sexual Risk Among Early Adolescents in Urban Middle Schools

Cited by 13 publications

References 43 publications

Bullying and HIV Risk Among High School Teenagers: The Mediating Role of Teen Dating Violence

Bullying and HIV Risk Among High School Teenagers: The Mediating Role of Teen Dating Violence

Violence-Related Behaviors Among School Going Adolescents in Peninsular Malaysia

Promoting Adolescent Healthy Relationships (The About Us Program): Protocol for a Randomized Clinical Trial

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