Expression and Activity of 11β-Hydroxysteroid Dehydrogenase Type 1 Enzyme in Subcutaneous and Visceral Adipose Tissue of Prepubertal Children

Mericq, Verónica; Medina, Pablo; Bouwman, C.A.; Johnson, Michael; Godoy, J.E.; Lopez, Teresa Herrera; Íñiguez, Germán

doi:10.1159/000183897

Cited by 9 publications

(15 citation statements)

References 38 publications

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“…Superficial subcutaneous adipose tissue and visceral fat also present similar 11β-HSD1 mRNA levels, except in obese patients, who display higher 11β-HSD1 mRNA expression in subcutaneous adipose tissue (Goedecke et al, 2006). Increased 11β-HSD1 expression in visceral fat was also found in prepubertal children with normal birth weight and normal BMI despite the presence of similar GRα mRNA expression in subcutaneous and visceral adipose tissues (Mericq et al, 2009).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 83%

Tissue-specific adaptive levels of glucocorticoid receptor alpha mRNA and their relationship with insulin resistance

Castro¹,

Longui²,

Faria³

et al. 2012

Genet. Mol. Res.

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ABSTRACT. Insulin resistance is an underlying cause of metabolic changes associated with cardiovascular diseases. Glucocorticoids are known determinant factors of insulin resistance. We quantified glucocorticoid receptor alpha (GRα) mRNA and 11 beta-hydroxysteroid dehydrogenase type 1 (11β-HSD1) mRNA in various tissues of 35 patients with previously established cardiovascular disease. This was a prospective study in a cardiac surgery patient setting. Samples of subcutaneous adipose tissue, epicardial fat, muscle, and peripheral blood mononuclear cells were examined. GRα and 11β-HSD1 mRNA were determined by real-time PCR. Mean age was 54.4 years. A significantly higher level of GRα mRNA was observed in muscle, with mean = 43.6 arbitrary units, median (p25-p75) = 39.4, compared to epicardial adipose tissue, with mean = 34.2, median (p25-p75) = 27.6, and to subcutaneous adipose tissue, with mean = 29.0, median (p25-p75) = 19.0, and lymphocytes, with mean = 17.5, median (p25-p75) = 14.02. When patients with diabetes mellitus were compared to patients without insulin resistance, significantly lower levels of GRα mRNA were observed in epicardial fat. Lymphocytes had the lowest 11β-HSD1 mRNA concentration. We also observed significantly reduced 11β-HSD1 mRNA levels in visceral fat when compared with muscle tissue. GRα and 11β-HSD1 mRNA levels differed among tissues involved in the pathophysiology of metabolic syndrome. We conclude that epicardial adipose tissue has lower GRα mRNA levels in insulin-resistant patients; this seems to be an adaptive and protective mechanism.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 83%

Tissue-specific adaptive levels of glucocorticoid receptor alpha mRNA and their relationship with insulin resistance

Castro¹,

Longui²,

Faria³

et al. 2012

Genet. Mol. Res.

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“…Polycystic ovary syndrome and obesity are independently associated with increased expression of 11βHSD1 [21]. Consistently, Mericq et al [22] demonstrated a positive correlation between mRNA expression of 11βHSD1 in VAT and BMI in children. However, others studies have failed to show this increase and this relationship [23,24].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 85%

“…Tomlinson et al [25] even showed that weight loss increases 11βHSD1 expression in human isolated adipocytes. Moreover, data regarding gene expression of 11 β HSD1 in VAT and SAT are also conflicting [22,23,24,26,27]. …”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Changes in Gene Expression Profile in Human Subcutaneous Adipose Tissue during Significant Weight Loss

Leyvraz

Verdumo

Suter³

et al. 2012

Obes Facts

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Objective: To analyze the expression of peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor-γ1 and 2 (PPARγ1 and 2), 11β-hydroxysteroid dehydrogenase type 1 (11βHSD1), and leptin in adipose tissue (AT) of obese women during weight loss following Roux-en-Y gastric bypass (RYGB) and to compare these levels with those obtained in AT of nonobese subjects. Methods: Gene expression was determined by real-time RT-PCR prior to surgery and at 3, 6, and 12 months after RYGB. Results: All obese patients lost weight, reaching a mean BMI of 29.3 ± 1.0 kg/m² at 1 year after surgery (–33.9 ± 1.5% of their initial body weight). In obese subjects leptin and 11βHSD1 were over-expressed, whereas PPARγ1 was expressed at lower levels compared to controls. After surgery, leptin and 11βHSD1 gene expression decreased, whereas PPARγ1 expression increased. At 12 months after RYGB, these 3 genes had reached levels similar to the controls. In contrast, PPARγ2 gene expression was not different between groups and types of tissue and remained unchanged during weight loss. We found a positive correlation between BMI and levels of gene expression of leptin and 11βHSD1. Conclusion: Gene expression of leptin, PPARγ1, and 11βHSD1 in AT is modified in human obesity. This default is completely corrected by RYGB.

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“…32 With increasing obesity, adipose tissue displays markedly abnormal adipocyte hypertrophy and activity, including increased production of pro-inflammatory cytokines (for example, interleukin-6, interleukin-1b and tumor necrosis factor-a), fatty acids and intracellular cortisol, which may alter GHR expression. [33][34][35][36][37] Differences in GHR expression between omental and subcutaneous adipose depots We found in the present study that lean individuals express significantly higher levels of GHR mRNA in the omental vs subcutaneous adipose tissues. Many differences in the metabolic activities of the two depots have been documented, including adipocyte sensitivity to lipolytic signals other than GH, such as catecholamines.…”

Section: Indicators Of Gh Sensitivity In Obesitymentioning

confidence: 92%

“…This may be because of differences in the immediate micro-environment of these tissues during obesity. 35,37,38,40 In contrast, trGHR/GHR ratios have significant positive associations with obesity only in the subcutaneous depots, suggesting that dominantnegative effects may influence GH signalling in this depot.…”

Section: Indicators Of Gh Sensitivity In Obesitymentioning

confidence: 99%

Human growth hormone receptor (GHR) expression in obesity: I. GHR mRNA expression in omental and subcutaneous adipose tissues of obese women

2011

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Objectives: Growth hormone (GH)-deficient individuals display increased adiposity that can be effectively reduced by GH therapy because of GH's lipolytic effects. However, similar GH treatments of individuals with idiopathic obesity (not associated with an endocrinopathy/syndrome) have had little success. We hypothesized that this form of obesity may be associated with GH resistance at the level of the adipocyte because of reduced GH receptor (GHR) expression. Subjects and methods: We studied GHR expression in omental and subcutaneous fat tissues from a cohort of 55 women ranging from lean to obese by various adiposity parameters. mRNA levels of total GHR and the dominant-negative truncated GHR 1À279 (trGHR) form were assayed by quantitative reverse transcriptase-PCR. Associations between adiposity measures and GHR levels as well as trGHR/GHR ratios were analyzed. Results: Total GHR mRNA expression was 2-3-fold lower in omental as well as subcutaneous adipose tissues of obese compared with lean women (Pp0.05-0.001). Lean individuals expressed higher GHR mRNA levels in omental fat compared with subcutaneous (Pp0.01); in obese women, this depot-specific difference was lost. Omental and subcutaneous adipose GHR mRNA levels displayed significant negative correlations with a spectrum of indicators of obesity while, in subcutaneous fat, there was a significantly higher trGHR/GHR ratio with increasing adiposity (Pp0.05). Conclusion: These results support our hypothesis that, with obesity, there is lower GHR expression in the adipocyte, and suggest one possible explanation why GH supplementation is not an effective treatment for individuals with idiopathic obesity.

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Expression and Activity of 11β-Hydroxysteroid Dehydrogenase Type 1 Enzyme in Subcutaneous and Visceral Adipose Tissue of Prepubertal Children

Cited by 9 publications

References 38 publications

Tissue-specific adaptive levels of glucocorticoid receptor alpha mRNA and their relationship with insulin resistance

Tissue-specific adaptive levels of glucocorticoid receptor alpha mRNA and their relationship with insulin resistance

Changes in Gene Expression Profile in Human Subcutaneous Adipose Tissue during Significant Weight Loss

Human growth hormone receptor (GHR) expression in obesity: I. GHR mRNA expression in omental and subcutaneous adipose tissues of obese women

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