Expression and activity of Apaf1 and caspase-9 in granulosa cells during follicular atresia in pig ovaries

Matsui, T

doi:10.1530/reprod/126.1.113

Cited by 17 publications

(31 citation statements)

References 11 publications

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“…TaqMan Gene Expression Assays for caspase-9 were made to order in Applied Biosystems because porcine was not readily available at the onset of the experiment. Matsui et al (2003) described the cDNA sequence of the corresponding domain of caspase-9. GAPDH was used as an internal control.…”

Section: Real Time Pcr Analysismentioning

confidence: 99%

Resistin is a survival factor for porcine ovarian follicular cells

Rak¹,

Drwal²,

Wróbel³

et al. 2015

Reproduction

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Previously, we demonstrated the expression of resistin in the porcine ovary, the regulation of its expression and its direct effect on ovarian steroidogenesis. The objective of this study was to examine the effect of resistin on cell proliferation and apoptosis in a co-culture model of porcine granulosa and theca cells. First, we analysed the effect of resistin at 1 and 10 ng/ml alone or in combination with FSHand IGF1 on ovarian cell proliferation with an alamarBlue assay and protein expression of cyclins A and B using western blot. Next, the mRNA and protein expression of selected pro-apoptotic and pro-survival regulators of cell apoptosis, caspase-9, -8 and -3 activity and DNA fragmentation using real time PCR, western blot, fluorescent assay and an ELISA kit, respectively, were analysed after resistin treatment. Furthermore, we determined the effect of resistin on the protein expression of ERK1/2, Stat and Akt kinase. Using specific inhibitors of these kinases, we also checked caspase-3 activity and protein expression. We found that resistin, at both doses, has no effect on cell proliferation. The results showed that resistin decreased pro-apoptotic genes, which was confirmed on protein expression of selected factors. We demonstrate an inhibitory effect of resistin on caspase activity and DNA fragmentation. Finally, resistin stimulated phosphorylation of the ERK1/2, Stat and Akt and kinases inhibitors reversed resistin action on caspase-3 activity and protein expression to control. All of these results showed that resistin has an inhibitory effect on porcine ovarian cell apoptosis by activation of the MAPK/ERK, JAK/Stat and Akt/PI3 kinase signalling pathways. Reproduction (2015) 150 343-355

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Section: Real Time Pcr Analysismentioning

confidence: 99%

Resistin is a survival factor for porcine ovarian follicular cells

Rak¹,

Drwal²,

Wróbel³

et al. 2015

Reproduction

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“…Alternatively, low active caspase-3 activity associated with this tissue type may just be evidence of an evolutionary redundant mechanism as a study in rats found the endonuclease DNase I responsible for DNA fragmentation is absent in thecal cells or could represent an alternate mechanism of action, such as XIAP acting primarily at the level of caspase-9, although this requires further investigation in ovaries (Boone & Tsang 1997). Low caspase-9 mRNA expression has only been detected in theca interna layers from advanced atretic pig follicles (Matsui et al 2003).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 97%

X-linked inhibitor of apoptosis protein and active caspase-3 expression patterns in antral follicles in the sheep ovary

Phillipps¹,

Kokay²,

Grattan³

et al. 2011

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X-linked inhibitor of apoptosis protein (XIAP) interacts with caspases to inhibit their activity, thereby providing a potential mechanism for regulation of granulosa cell apoptosis occurring during follicular atresia. The aim of this study was to determine the presence and localization of XIAP mRNA and protein content in the sheep ovary and compare these expression patterns with active caspase-3 protein in the same antral follicles. Romney ewe estrous cycles (nZ25) were synchronized with 2-3 Estrumate injections and ovarian tissue collected during the luteal and follicular phases of the cycle. The presence of XIAP mRNA was confirmed by RT-PCR using laser capture microdissected ovarian cell samples. XIAP mRNA was subsequently localized by in situ hybridization histochemistry and XIAP and active caspase-3 protein visualized by immunohistochemistry. In antral follicles extensive XIAP localization was evident in both granulosa and thecal cells. In contrast, mRNA expression was widespread in granulosa cells and only detected in thecal tissue from a small proportion of antral follicles. Active caspase-3 and XIAP comparative expression analysis showed positive XIAP mRNA expression in all late luteal phase (day 14) follicles, despite varying levels of active caspase-3 protein. A proportion of follicular phase (days 15 and 16) follicles, however, showed an inverse expression relationship at the protein and mRNA levels in both granulosa and thecal tissue, as did XIAP protein in day 14 follicles. These results suggest high XIAP may prevent activation of caspase-3, thereby regulating follicular atresia in antral follicles and could potentially be utilized as a marker of follicular health.

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“…4) Dimerization of procaspase 8 induces auto-proteolytic cleavage and procaspase 8 becomes activated (Medema et al, 1997;Boldin et al, 1995;Chinnaiyan et al, 1995;Muzio et al, 1996;Nagata, 1997;Scaffidi et al, 1998). 5) Activated caspase 8 subsequently activates downstream caspases either directly (in type 1 cells) or via mitochondrial perturbation (in type 2 cells) (Matsui et al, 2003).…”

Section: Proapoptotic Regulators In the Cell Death Receptorligand Systemmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Cytochrome c binds to the apoptosis activating factor (Apaf 1) and causes activation of procaspase 9 (the complex formed by cytochrome c, Apaf 1, and cas-pase 9 is called apoptosome). Activated caspase 9 cleaves procaspase 3 and causes its activation, leading to activa-tion of endonucleases, and apoptosis is the result of the pathway (Ashkenazi and Dixit, 1998;Nagata, 1997;Matsui et al, 2003).…”

Section: Proapoptotic Regulators In the Cell Death Receptorligand Systemmentioning

confidence: 99%

Role of apoptosis-related factors in follicular atresia

Gumus¹,

Kılıç²,

Zülfikaroğlu³

2013

Int. J. Genet. Mol. Biol.

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Follicular atresia is the term used for the fate of follicles which undergo degenerative changes before rupturing during ovulation. Recent studies suggest that granulosa cell apoptosis play a major role in follicular atresia. The factors which lead the cell to apoptosis and which protect the cell death, still remain complicated and more studies are needed to elucidate the whole process. Here in this review, we aimed to simplify the factors and mechanisms taking place in granulosa cell apoptosis, to make the process more understandable.Key words: Granulosa cell, apoptosis, follicular atresia. INTRODUCTİONWhen a female human embryo is 8-week-old, she has 600,000 germ cells in her gonads and this number increases to 6 to 7 million at 20 weeks of gestation. But with the increasing rate of atresia, the number declines progressively and 1 million oocytes are present in the newborn, whereas 300,000 oocytes remain in puberty, of which approximately 400 will ovulate during the fertile lifespan (Oktem and Oktay, 2008;Gougeon, 1996;Matova and Cooley, 2001).'Follicular atresia' term is used to define antral follicles undergoing degenerative changes before rupturing during ovulation. It is initiated within the granulosa cell layer and subsequently in the theca cells Hsueh et al., 1994). In mammals, the basic mechanism of follicular atresia is apoptosis (Depalo et al., 2003). Apoptosis is a way which multicellular organisms use to eliminate unwanted cells in response to developmental signals or toxic stimuli (Quirck et al., 2004). It is regulated at the level of transcription or translation (Manabe et al., 2008). Major morphological characteristics of apoptosis are the internucleosomal DNA fragmentation, cell shrinkage, plasma membrane blebbing, and the apoptotic body formation (Schwartzman and Cidlowski, 1993).Granulosa cells possess endogenous pathways to trigger apoptosis, that are inhibited in the presence of survi-*Corresponding author. E-mail: zebru33@gmail.com. Tel: +90 (312) 2158652. Fax: +90 (312) 3124931.val factors (Quirck et al., 2004). To date, many apoptosisrelated factors have been implicated in follicular atresia, including death ligands and receptors, Bcl-2 family proteins, Nodal, caspases, growth factors, gonadotropins, and calcium. In this report, we will overview these factors one by one. Proapoptotic regulators in the cell death receptorligand systemDeath receptors constitute a subgroup within the tumor necrosis factor (TNF) receptor family. They are located on the cell surface, anchored to the cell membrane, are trimerized and have cytoplasmic death domains (DDs) which are necessary to induce apoptosis (Park et al., 2005;Ashkenazi and Dixit, 1998;Wallach et al., 1999). Fas receptor, TNF receptor, and TNF related apoptosis inducing ligand receptors (TRAILr) are the members of TNF receptor family that are found to have roles in follicular atresia in mammalian ovaries (Park et al., 2005).In most of the cases, the cell death receptor-mediated apoptosis takes place as follows:1) The cell death ligand binds to...

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Expression and activity of Apaf1 and caspase-9 in granulosa cells during follicular atresia in pig ovaries

Cited by 17 publications

References 11 publications

Resistin is a survival factor for porcine ovarian follicular cells

Resistin is a survival factor for porcine ovarian follicular cells

X-linked inhibitor of apoptosis protein and active caspase-3 expression patterns in antral follicles in the sheep ovary

Role of apoptosis-related factors in follicular atresia

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