Expression and Characterization of the Chemokine Receptors CCR2 and CCR5 in Mice

Mack, Matthias; Cihak, Josef; Simonis, Christopher; Luckow, Bruno; Proudfoot, Amanda E. I.; Plachý, Jiřı́; Brühl, Hilke; Frink, Michael; Anders, Hans‐Joachim; Vielhauer, Volker; Pfirstinger, Jochen; Stangassinger, M.; Schlöndorff, Detlef

doi:10.4049/jimmunol.166.7.4697

Cited by 402 publications

(383 citation statements)

References 40 publications

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“…In contrast, expression of this receptor was negligible in control BALB/c mice ( X 1% of T cells showed low intensity CCR5 expression; Fig. 1), concurring with a recent report [10]. CCR5 expression by BALB/c mouse B cells was also minimal; surprisingly, however, 95±6% of NOD mouse B cells expressed this chemokine receptor (Fig.…”

Section: Activated T Cells In Nod Mice Express a Functional Ccr5 Recesupporting

confidence: 90%

Leukocyte attraction through the CCR5 receptor controls progress from insulitis to diabetes in non‐obese diabetic mice

et al. 2004

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Lymphocyte infiltration to pancreatic islets is associated to chemoattraction, as are other inflammatory autoimmune processes. We examined whether development of insulitis and diabetes depends on chemoattraction of lymphocytes via the CCR5 chemokine receptor. In non-obese diabetic (NOD) mice, a substantial fraction of peripheral T cells and virtually all B cells expressed high CCR5 levels. CCR5 expression characterized the effector T cell phenotype, suggesting their potential involvement in disease development. In view of these findings and the CCL5 (RANTES, the CCR5 ligand) expression by pancreatic islets, we treated NOD mice with a neutralizing anti-CCR5 antibody. This did not influence peri-insulitis advancement, but inhibited g -cell destruction and diabetes. These data demonstrate a role of CCR5-dependent chemoattraction in insulitis progression to islet destruction, suggesting the potential value of therapeutic intervention by CCR5 targeting.

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Section: Activated T Cells In Nod Mice Express a Functional Ccr5 Recesupporting

confidence: 90%

Leukocyte attraction through the CCR5 receptor controls progress from insulitis to diabetes in non‐obese diabetic mice

et al. 2004

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“…The following reagents were used for flow cytometry: leukocyte common antigen CD45-fluorescein isothiocyanate (FITC) (30-F11), CD11b-FITC (M1/70), CD11b-phycoerythrin (PE) (M1/70), CD19-FITC (1D3), CD19-PE (1D3), Gr-1-antigen-presenting cell (APC) (RB6-8C5), c-kit-PE (2B8), DX5-PE, DX5-biotin, anti-IgE-FITC (R35-72), mouse anti-rat IgG2b-biotin (R12-3), streptavidin-PE-Cy5 (all from BD Biosciences, San Jose, CA), CD19-PECy5.5 (6D5) (Caltag, South San Francisco, CA), DX5-APC (Miltenyi Biotec, Sunnyvale, CA), anti-mouse CCR2 mAb (clone MC-21) (9), and rat IgG2b isotype control antibody (clone MC-67) (9). To detect surface expression of CCR2, cells were incubated with MC-21 (5 g/ml) or MC-67 (5 g/ml) for 45 minutes on ice, followed by mouse anti-rat IgG2b-biotin (5 g/ml).…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…In addition, increased levels of the CCR2 ligand monocyte chemoattractant protein 1 (MCP-1; CCL2) were found in patients with rheumatoid arthritis (8). Monocytes are thought to play a major role in joint destruction, and their recruitment to sites of inflammation is crucially dependent on CCR2, as shown in several murine disease models (9)(10)(11)(12).…”

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confidence: 99%

Targeting of Gr‐1+,CCR2+ monocytes in collagen‐induced arthritis

Brühl¹,

Cihak²,

Plachý

et al. 2007

Arthritis & Rheumatism

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109

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Objective. The chemokine receptor CCR2 is highly expressed on monocytes and considered a promising target for treatment of rheumatoid arthritis. However, blockade of CCR2 with a monoclonal antibody (mAb) during progression of collagen-induced arthritis results in a massive aggravation of the disease. In this study we investigated why CCR2 antibodies have proinflammatory effects, how these effects can be avoided, and whether CCR2؉ monocytes are useful targets in the treatment of arthritis.Methods. Arthritis was induced in DBA/1 mice by immunization with type II collagen. Mice were treated with mAb against CCR2 (MC-21), IgE, or isotype control antibodies at various time points. Activation of basophils and depletion of monocyte subsets were determined by fluorescence-activated cell sorter analysis and enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay.Results. Crosslinkage of CCR2 activated basophils to release interleukin-6 (IL-6) and IL-4. In vivo, IL-6 release occurred only after exposure to high doses of MC-21, whereas application of low doses of the mAb circumvented the release of IL-6. Regardless of the dose level used, the antibody MC-21 efficiently depleted Gr-1؉,CCR2؉ monocytes from the synovial tissue, peripheral blood, and spleen of DBA/1 mice. Activation of basophils with high doses of MC-21 or with antibodies against IgE resulted in a marked aggravation of collagen-induced arthritis and an increased release of IL-6. In contrast, low-dose treatment with MC-21 in this therapeutic setting had no effect on IL-6 and led to marked improvement of arthritis.Conclusion. These results show that depletion of CCR2؉ monocytes may prove to be a therapeutic option in inflammatory arthritis, as long as the dosedependent proinflammatory effects of CCR2 mAb are taken into account.CCR2, a chemokine (CC motif) receptor, is considered a promising target for disorders such as multiple sclerosis, type II diabetes, and rheumatoid arthritis, and Phase I and II clinical trials are currently in progress (1). Data on CCR2 expression in humans and results from studies of CCR2-deficient mice (2-4) support the blockade of CCR2 as an effective strategy in the treatment of multiple sclerosis and diabetes. In patients with rheumatoid arthritis, we and other investigators have found an increased frequency of CCR2ϩ cells in the synovial fluid and synovial tissue (5-7). In addition, increased levels of the CCR2 ligand monocyte chemoattractant protein 1 (MCP-1; CCL2) were found in patients with rheumatoid arthritis (8). Monocytes are thought to play a major role in joint destruction, and their recruitment to sites of inflammation is crucially dependent on CCR2, as shown in several murine disease models (9-12).However, thus far, data from murine models of collagen-induced arthritis do not support CCR2 as a target for treatment of rheumatoid arthritis. We have previously shown that treatment with a blocking monoDrs. Brühl, Luckow,

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“…In addition to the effects of the CCR2 null mutation in infection models, CCR2-deficient mice failed to recruit macrophages in a model of sterile peritoneal inflammation induced by thioglycollate [27][28][29][30][31]. Antibody blockade of CCR2 also prevented macrophage accumulation in thioglycollate peritonitis [32], but did not inhibit infiltration of inflamed joints by monocytes during progression of collagen-induced arthritis suggesting that under certain conditions of inflammation recruitment of macrophages may be independent of CCR2 [33].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

CC chemokine receptor 2 regulates leukocyte recruitment and IL‐10 production during acute polymicrobial sepsis

Feterowski

Mack²,

Weighardt

et al. 2004

Eur J Immunol

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Chemokine receptors are important for recruiting leukocytes to sites of infection and may contribute to immune cell activation. The present study investigated the role of the chemokine receptor CCR2 in polymicrobial septic peritonitis. The results showed that peritoneal production of the CCR2 ligands CCL2 and CCL12 in septic mice was largely independent of the common Toll-like receptor signaling adaptor MyD88. Antibody blockade of CCR2 reduced the recruitment of macrophages and neutrophils to the infected peritoneal cavities of both wild-type and MyD88-deficient mice, suggesting that CCR2 engagement contributes to the MyD88-independent cellular response against polymicrobial septic peritonitis. Notably, administration of blocking CCR2 antibodies markedly increased local and systemic IL-10 levels in septic wild-type mice, whereas IL-10 was not detected in MyD88-deficient mice irrespective of whether CCR2 was blocked or not. Inhibition of CCR2 directly augmented Tolllike receptor-induced IL-10, but not TNF and IL-6, production of macrophages in vitro. Concomitant with enhanced IL-10 production, CCR2 blockade caused impaired bacterial clearance and aggravated kidney injury in wild-type, but not MyD88-null mice. These results indicate that CCR2 engagement modulates the innate immune response to polymicrobial septic peritonitis by both MyD88-dependent and -independent processes and suggest that a major function of CCR2 in sepsis is to attenuate IL-10 production and IL-10-mediated suppression of host defense.

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Expression and Characterization of the Chemokine Receptors CCR2 and CCR5 in Mice

Cited by 402 publications

References 40 publications

Leukocyte attraction through the CCR5 receptor controls progress from insulitis to diabetes in non‐obese diabetic mice

Leukocyte attraction through the CCR5 receptor controls progress from insulitis to diabetes in non‐obese diabetic mice

Targeting of Gr‐1+,CCR2+ monocytes in collagen‐induced arthritis

CC chemokine receptor 2 regulates leukocyte recruitment and IL‐10 production during acute polymicrobial sepsis

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