Expression and clinical significance of short-chain fatty acids in pregnancy complications

Chen, Siqian; Li, Jialin; Ren, Shuaijun; Gao, Yajie; Zhou, Yuping; Xuan, Rongrong

doi:10.3389/fcimb.2022.1071029

Cited by 13 publications

(9 citation statements)

References 43 publications

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“…In contrast to other SCFAs, this study identified a significant increase in isobutyric acid in the maternal serum of patients with ICP. Your previous research has also noted that the level of isobutyric acid in the peripheral blood circulation of pregnant women with pregnancy complications, such as pre-eclampsia and gestational diabetes, significantly increased compared with the NP group, aligning with the findings of this study[ 5 , 21 ]. This suggests that isobutyric acid plays a pivotal role in promoting the progression of pregnancy complications.…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 91%

“…Short-chain fatty acids (SCFAs), prominent metabolites of the gut microbiota, play a pivotal role in preserving host metabolism, maintaining intestinal barrier function, fostering immune tolerance, and regulating autoimmune activity[ 4 ]. SCFAs have significant connections with various pregnancy complications[ 5 ], and some SCFAs hold potential for treating such complications[ 6 ]. However, the metabolic profile of SCFAs in patients with ICP remains unclear.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Expression and clinical significance of short-chain fatty acids in patients with intrahepatic cholestasis of pregnancy

Ren,

Feng,

Xiang

et al. 2024

World J Hepatol

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BACKGROUND Intrahepatic cholestasis of pregnancy (ICP) is a pregnancy-specific liver condition that typically arises in the middle and late stages of pregnancy. Short-chain fatty acids (SCFAs), prominent metabolites of the gut microbiota, have significant connections with various pregnancy complications, and some SCFAs hold potential for treating such complications. However, the metabolic profile of SCFAs in patients with ICP remains unclear. AIM To investigate the metabolic profiles and differences in SCFAs present in the maternal and cord blood of patients with ICP and determine the clinical significance of these findings. METHODS Maternal serum and cord blood samples were collected from both patients with ICP (ICP group) and normal pregnant women (NP group). Targeted metabolomics was used to assess the SCFA levels in these samples. RESULTS Significant differences in maternal SCFAs were observed between the ICP and NP groups. Most SCFAs exhibited a consistent declining trend in cord blood samples from the ICP group, mirroring the pattern seen in maternal serum. Correlation analysis revealed a positive correlation between maternal serum SCFAs and cord blood SCFAs [r (Pearson) = 0.88, P = 7.93e-95]. In both maternal serum and cord blood, acetic and caproic acids were identified as key metabolites contributing to the differences in SCFAs between the two groups (variable importance for the projection > 1). Receiver operating characteristic analysis demonstrated that multiple SCFAs in maternal blood have excellent diagnostic capabilities for ICP, with caproic acid exhibiting the highest diagnostic efficacy (area under the curve = 0.97). CONCLUSION Compared with the NP group, significant alterations were observed in the SCFAs of maternal serum and cord blood in the ICP group, although they displayed distinct patterns of change. Furthermore, the SCFA levels in maternal serum and cord blood were significantly positively correlated. Notably, certain maternal serum SCFAs, specifically caproic and acetic acids, demonstrated excellent diagnostic efficiency for ICP.

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Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 91%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Expression and clinical significance of short-chain fatty acids in patients with intrahepatic cholestasis of pregnancy

Ren,

Feng,

Xiang

et al. 2024

World J Hepatol

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“…Many were associated with lipid metabolism, glycolysis and gluconeogenic metabolic pathways, which are important for maternal health [ 110 , 111 ]. Even without bacterial translocation, the release and transfer of soluble factors from bacteria into circulation, including short-chain fatty acids and serotonergic metabolites, have been found to be associated with gestational hypertension and diabetes [ 112 , 113 ]. Several unique bacterial genes were also detected that warrant further investigation.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Significant Microbial Changes Are Evident in the Reproductive Tract of Pregnant Rhesus Monkeys at Mid-Gestation but Their Gut Microbiome Does Not Shift until Late Gestation

et al. 2023

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Vaginal and rectal specimens were obtained from cycling, pregnant, and nursing rhesus monkeys to assess pregnancy-related changes in the commensal bacteria in their reproductive and intestinal tracts. Using 16S rRNA gene amplicon sequencing, significant differences were found only in the vagina at mid-gestation, not in the hindgut. To verify the apparent stability in gut bacterial composition at mid-gestation, the experiment was repeated with additional monkeys, and similar results were found with both 16S rRNA gene amplicon and metagenomic sequencing. A follow-up study investigated if bacterial changes in the hindgut might occur later in pregnancy. Gravid females were assessed closer to term and compared to nonpregnant females. By late pregnancy, significant differences in bacterial composition, including an increased abundance of 4 species of Lactobacillus and Bifidobacterium adolescentis, were detected, but without a shift in the overall community structure. Progesterone levels were assessed as a possible hormone mediator of bacterial change. The relative abundance of only some taxa (e.g., Bifidobacteriaceae) were specifically associated with progesterone. In summary, pregnancy changes the microbial profiles in monkeys, but the bacterial diversity in their lower reproductive tract is different from women, and the composition of their intestinal symbionts remains stable until late gestation when several Firmicutes become more prominent.

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“…An animal study proposed for the first time claimed that protein derived from the western diet-induced insulin resistance in mice by increasing the level of iso-butyrate [ 49 ]. Results from human study also showed an increased level of iso-butyrate in the GDM group with a small sample size ( n = 28 in the GDM group and n = 27 in the healthy pregnant women group) [ 50 ]. Similarly, our results revealed a positive relationship between iso-butyrate concentration and GDM risks.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Butyrate and iso-butyrate: a new perspective on nutrition prevention of gestational diabetes mellitus

Han,

Wang,

Yan

et al. 2024

Nutr. Diabetes

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Background Dietary imbalance, such as a lower proportion of complex carbohydrates and a higher protein diet, may contribute to gestational diabetes mellitus (GDM) risks through their metabolisms. However, there is a lack of knowledge regarding the association between butyrate, iso-butyrate, and GDM, which are metabolisms of the two primary nutrients above. This study aimed to clarify the association of butyrate and iso-butyrate with GDM. Methods A nested case–control study was conducted based on the Beijing Birth Cohort Study (BBCS) from 2017 to 2018. Totally, 99 singleton women were involved (GDM: n = 49, control: n = 50). All participants provided blood samples twice (in their first and second trimesters). Gas chromatography-mass spectrometry (GC-MS) was used for butyrate and iso-butyrate detection. Unconditional logistic regression and receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curve analysis were used for statistical analysis. Results The results showed that butyrate in the first trimester was negatively correlated with GDM (odds ratio (OR): 0.00, 95% confidential interval (CI): 0.00–0.21, P = 0.008), and iso-butyrate in the second trimester was positively related to GDM (OR: 627.68, 95% CI: 40.51–9724.56, P < 0.001). The ratio (butyrate/iso-butyrate) was negatively associated with GDM, both in the first trimester (OR: 0.00, 95%CI: 0.00–0.05, P < 0.001) and in the second trimester (OR: 0.52, 95% CI: 0.34–0.80, P = 0.003). The area under the curve (AUC) using the ratio in the first trimester combined with clinical risk factors achieved 0.89 (95% CI: 0.83–0.95). Iso-butyrate in the second trimester combined with clinical risk factors achieved an AUC of 0.97 (95% CI: 0.92–1.00). Conclusions High iso-butyrate and low butyrate levels may be associated with an increased risk of GDM. As they are produced through dietary nutrient formation by gut microbiota, further studies on the association of dietary intake and butyrate or iso-butyrate concentration in plasma may help find a novel approach to nutritional intervention for GDM.

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Expression and clinical significance of short-chain fatty acids in pregnancy complications

Cited by 13 publications

References 43 publications

Expression and clinical significance of short-chain fatty acids in patients with intrahepatic cholestasis of pregnancy

Expression and clinical significance of short-chain fatty acids in patients with intrahepatic cholestasis of pregnancy

Significant Microbial Changes Are Evident in the Reproductive Tract of Pregnant Rhesus Monkeys at Mid-Gestation but Their Gut Microbiome Does Not Shift until Late Gestation

Butyrate and iso-butyrate: a new perspective on nutrition prevention of gestational diabetes mellitus

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