Expression and Clinical Significance of Sperm-Associated Antigen 9 in Patients With Endometrial Carcinoma

Abstract

SPAG9 is positively expressed in endometrial cancer, and with a high humoral immune response in patients. It may serve as a new type of endometrial cancer markers for early detection, diagnosis and treatment.

Sperm-Associated Antigen 9 is a Promising marker for Early Diagnosis of Endometrial Cancer

“…They also found that SPAG9 was expressed in metastatic lymph nodes. Cases with grade 3 tumors had significantly higher SPAG9 levels in their serums, when compared to cases with grade 1-2 tumors (Yu et al, 2012). They stated that SPAG9 levels were similar between cases of endometrial hyperplasia and completely normal endometrium.…”

“…SPAG9 gene is located at the chromosome 17q21, which is a region involved in amplification and expression of cancer-related genes (Jagadish et al, 2005b). Although it was originally thought to be expressed exclusively in testis, ongoing research revealed SPAG9 expression in numerous tumors originating from various sites and organs such as brain, thyroid, breast, lung, kidney, colon, ovary, cervix, and endometrium (Garg et al, 2008, Garg et al, 2009a, Garg et al, 2009b, Kanojia et al, 2009, Kanojia et al, 2011, Yu et al, 2012, Wang et al, 2013, Yi et al, 2013. In a study by Garg et al (2007), SPAG9 expression and host immune responses were investigated in epithelial ovarian cancer (EOC) specimens and human ovarian cancer cell lines (Garg et al, 2007).…”

“…In conclusion, taking into account its frequent expression and high potential of creating a host immune response, SPAG9 was suggested as a useful marker in detection of early stage cervical cancer (Garg et al, 2009a). In a very recent study by Yu et al (2012), SPAG9 in endometrial cancer was investigated for the first time in literature (Yu et al, 2012). The authors analyzed 47 cases with EC and 44 cases with a non-cancerous endometrium.…”

“…SPAG9 has been recently proposed as a novel biomarker for early diagnosis Eralp Baser 1 , Cihan Togrul 2 , Emre Ozgu 1 , Sevgi Ayhan 1 , Mete Caglar 1 , Salim Erkaya 1 , Tayfun Gungor 1 of several human tumors, including ovarian, cervical and breast cancer (Garg et al, 2007, Garg et al, 2009a, Kanojia et al, 2009. It is also expressed in endometrial cancer tissue, however its clinical value remains to be clarified (Yu et al, 2012). In this paper, we aimed to investigate the utility of serum SPAG9 levels in diagnosis of EC.…”

“…Sperm-associated antigen 9 (SPAG9) is a newly discovered protein that belongs to cancer testis (CT) antigen family, and has significant functions in tumor development, cell growth, proliferation and apoptosis (Jagadish et al, 2005a, Yu et al, 2012. SPAG9 has been recently proposed as a novel biomarker for early diagnosis Eralp Baser 1 , Cihan Togrul 2 , Emre Ozgu 1 , Sevgi Ayhan 1 , Mete Caglar 1 , Salim Erkaya 1 , Tayfun Gungor 1 of several human tumors, including ovarian, cervical and breast cancer (Garg et al, 2007, Garg et al, 2009a, Kanojia et al, 2009.…”