Expression and Immunohistochemical Distribution of Duck Plague Virus Glycoprotein gE in Infected Ducks

Abstract

To determine the distribution of duck plague virus (DPV) gE protein in paraformaldehyde-fixed, paraffin-embedded tissues of experimentally DPV-infected ducks, an indirect immunoperoxidase assay was established to detect glycoprotein E (gE) protein for the first time. The rabbit anti-His-gE serum, raised against the recombinant His-gE fusion protein expressed in Escherichia coli BL21 (DE3), was prepared and purified. Western blotting and indirect immunofluorescence analysis showed that the anti-His-gE serum had a high level of reactivity and specificity and could be used as the first antibody for further experiments to study the distribution of DPV gE protein in DPV-infected tissues. A number of DPV gE proteins were distributed in the bursa of Fabricius, thymus, spleen, liver, esophagus, duodenum, jejunum, ileum, and kidney of DPV-infected ducks and a few DPV gE were distributed in the Harders glands, myocardium, cerebrum, and lung, whereas the gE was not seen in the skin, muscle, and pancreas. Moreover, DPV gE was expressed abundantly in the cytoplasm of lymphocytes, reticulum cells, macrophages, epithelial cells, and hepatocytes. The present study may be useful not only for describing the characteristics of gE expression and distribution in infected ducks but also for understanding the pathogenesis of DPV.

Alphaherpesvirus glycoprotein E: A review of its interactions with other proteins of the virus and its application in vaccinology

“…The viral envelope contains multiple proteins, mainly glycoproteins, of varying copy numbers ( Davison et al, 2009 ; Mettenleiter et al, 2009 ). Twelve glycoproteins of alphaherpesviruses have been identified, including gB, gC, gD, gE, gH, gI, gG, gK, gL, gM, gN and gJ ( Chang et al, 2010 , 2011a , b ; Lian et al, 2010 , 2011 ; Zou et al, 2010 ; Zhang et al, 2010b , c , 2011 ; Jambunathan et al, 2011 ; Li et al, 2011 ; Wang et al, 2012 ; Lin et al, 2013 , 2014 ; Sun et al, 2013 , 2014 ; You et al, 2018 ; Zhao et al, 2019 ). Different glycoproteins have different functions, recognizing and interacting with specific receptors on the cell surface, mediating fusion of the viral lipid envelope with the cell membrane, completing secondary vesicles at trans-Golgi network (TGN)-derived vesicles membrane coating produces mature virions, which are subsequently released to the outside by membrane fusion ( Browne et al, 2004 ; Campadelli-Fiume et al, 2012 ; Oliver et al, 2013 , 2017 ; Heldwein, 2016 ; Rider et al, 2017 ; Vallbracht et al, 2018 ).…”

Duplicate US1 Genes of Duck Enteritis Virus Encode a Non-essential Immediate Early Protein Localized to the Nucleus

“…Although some DEV genes have been studied in depth (Ming-Sheng et al, 2008Hua et al, 2009Hua et al, , 2011Chanjuan et al, 2010;Wei et al, 2010;Wang et al, 2011;Wu et al, 2011;Zhang et al, 2011Zhang et al, , 2017He et al, 2012He et al, , 2018Ying et al, 2012;Liu et al, 2016;Gao et al, 2017;Liu C. et al, 2017;Liu T. et al, 2017;Feng et al, 2018;Ma et al, 2018;You et al, 2018;Zhao et al, 2019), information regarding the DEV US1 gene is extremely limited. It is known that the DEV US1 gene is 990 bp in length and duplicated within the inverted repeat sequences delineating the US region of the genome (Ying et al, 2012).…”