Expression and regulatory networks of Mycobacterium tuberculosis PE/PPE family antigens

Abstract

PE/PPE family antigens are distributed mainly in pathogenic mycobacteria and serve as potential antituberculosis (TB) vaccine components. Some PE/PPE family antigens can regulate the host innate immune response, interfere with macrophage activation and phagolysosome fusion, and serve as major sources of antigenic variation. PE/PPE antigens have been associated with mycobacteria pathogenesis; pe/ppe genes are mainly found in pathogenic mycobacteria and are differentially expressed between Mtb and Mycobacterium bovis. PE/PPE proteins were essential for the growth of Mtb, and PE/PPE proteins were differentially expressed under a variety of conditions. Multiple mycobacterial‐virulence‐related transcription factors, sigma factors, the global transcriptional regulation factor Lsr2, MprAB, and PhoPR two‐component regulatory systems, and cyclic adenine monophosphate‐dependent regulators, regulate the expression of PE/PPE family antigens. Multiple‐scale integrative analysis revealed the expression and regulatory networks of PE/PPE family antigens underlying the virulence and pathogenesis of Mtb, providing important clues for the discovery of new anti‐TB measures.

Small RNA profiling inMycobacteriuminsights into stress adapt ability

“…Here the differential expressed sRNAs ncBCG201 (RPKM fold of extracellular/intracellular was 2.24), ncBCG343 (unique expressed intracellularly) and ncMTB224 (unique expressed in extracellular M. tb 1458) were predicted target to PE/PPE family genes. Past study reported PE/PPE genes are mainly found in virulent mycobacteria (Li, et al 2019), that agree with our differential expressing results; as PE/PPE proteins are important for the mycobacterium growth, and could be differentially expressed under a variety of conditions (Li, et al 2019), which suggested that ncBCG201, ncBCG343 and ncMTB224 might participate in the pathogenesis and growing bacterium.…”

Small RNA Profiling in Mycobacterium Provides Insights Into Stress Adaptability

“…Here, differentially expressed sRNAs ncBCG201 (RPKM fold of extracellular/intracellular was 2.24), ncBCG343 (unique expressed intracellularly) and ncMTB224 (unique expressed in extracellular M. tb 1458) were predicted targets to the PE/PPE family genes. A previous study reported that PE/PPE genes are mainly found in virulent mycobacteria (Li et al, 2019), which agree with the differentially expressed results, as PE/PPE proteins are important for Mycobacterium growth and could be differentially expressed under a variety of conditions (Li et al, 2019), suggesting that ncBCG201, ncBCG343, and ncMTB224 might participate in the pathogenesis and growth of the bacterium.…”

Role of the PE/PPE Family in Host–Pathogen Interactions and Prospects for Anti-Tuberculosis Vaccine and Diagnostic Tool Design

“…The interactions between Mtb and host immune system determine the outcome of Mtb infection. PE/PPE families are seemingly related to mycobacteria pathogenicity, as its members are abundant in pathogenic mycobacteria ( Akhter et al, 2012 ; Li et al, 2019 ) and less present in nonpathogenic mycobacteria ( McGuire et al, 2012 ). Previous reviews have discussed the pe/ppe genes evolution ( Fishbein et al, 2015 ), the expression and regulatory role of PE/PPE proteins ( Li et al, 2019 ), as well as the relation with virulence and host cell fate ( Yu et al, 2019 ).…”