Expression and Replication of the Influenza Virus Genome

Tomato spotted wilt virus L RNA encodes a putative RNA polymerase

“…3), which may be involved in the appearance of circular nucleocapsids in virus particles , as also found for the Bunyaviridae (Raju & Kolakofsky, 1989). Moreover, these terminal sequences will play an important role in genome transcription and replication, since they contain the initiation signals for encapsidation and RNA synthesis (Krug et al, 1989;Parvin et al, 1989). An alignment of the Y-terminal sequences of the RNAs from segmented negative-strand viruses is shown in Fig.…”

“…7). These amino acid motifs are present in the region where the predicted L protein of TSWV shows sequence homology to Bunyamwera and Hantaan L proteins and to influenza A virus protein PB1, the core polymerase of this virus (Braam et al, 1983;Krug et al, 1989). Hence, it is anticipated that the major ORF in TSWV L RNA represents the polymerase gene.…”

Two separate sequences of PB2 subunit constitute the RNA cap‐binding site of influenza virus RNA polymerase

“…The genome of in¯uenza virus is composed of eight RNA segments of negative polarity, which are transcribed after infection into positive-strand viral mRNAs for viral protein synthesis (for reviews see Krug et al 1989;Lamb 1989). The RNA polymerase responsible for the primary transcription is associated, in virions, with each RNA segment at the promoter formed by terminal sequences conserved among eight RNA segments (reviewed in Ishihama 1996;Honda & Ishihama 1997).…”

In vitro transcription and polymerase binding studies of the termini of influenza A virus cRNA: evidence for a cRNA panhandle

“…The cRNA is used as a template to make more vRNA (Krug et al, 1989). vRNA has been extensively studied with regard to sequence elements to which the influenza virus polymerase complex binds and initiates transcription of the two types of positive-stranded RNA.…”