Expression and role of aryl hydrocarbon receptor in Aspergillus fumigatus keratitis

Zhang, Li; Jiang, Nan; Zhao, Guiqiu; Peng, Xudong; Zhu, Guoqiang; Jiang, Wei; Ma, Jilei

doi:10.18240/ijo.2020.02.01

Cited by 8 publications

(3 citation statements)

References 29 publications

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“…Interestingly, KYNA is also an agonist of the AhR and GPR35 receptors [ 27 ]. Although the presence of AhR in cornea was established, it is unclear whether this receptor participates in repair processes [ 28 ]. Ikuta et al 2008 did not find any significant difference in skin wound closure between wild-type and AhRR-/- mice.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Kynurenic Acid Accelerates Healing of Corneal Epithelium In Vitro and In Vivo

et al. 2021

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Kynurenic acid (KYNA) is an endogenous compound with a multidirectional effect. It possesses antiapoptotic, anti-inflammatory, and antioxidative properties that may be beneficial in the treatment of corneal injuries. Moreover, KYNA has been used successfully to improve the healing outcome of skin wounds. The aim of the present study is to evaluate the effects of KYNA on corneal and conjunctival cells in vitro and the re-epithelization of corneal erosion in rabbits in vivo. Normal human corneal epithelial cell (10.014 pRSV-T) and conjunctival epithelial cell (HC0597) lines were used. Cellular metabolism, cell viability, transwell migration, and the secretion of IL-1β, IL-6, and IL-10 were determined. In rabbits, after corneal de-epithelization, eye drops containing 0.002% and 1% KYNA were applied five times a day until full recovery. KYNA decreased metabolism but did not affect the proliferation of the corneal epithelium. It decreased both the metabolism and proliferation of conjunctival epithelium. KYNA enhanced the migration of corneal but not conjunctival epithelial cells. KYNA reduced the secretion of IL-1β and IL-6 from the corneal epithelium, leaving IL-10 secretion unaffected. The release of all studied cytokines from the conjunctival epithelium exposed to KYNA was unchanged. KYNA at higher concentration accelerated the healing of the corneal epithelium. These favorable properties of KYNA suggest that KYNA containing topical pharmaceutical products can be used in the treatment of ocular surface diseases.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Kynurenic Acid Accelerates Healing of Corneal Epithelium In Vitro and In Vivo

et al. 2021

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“…Indeed, infection studies provided direct evidence for the role of the AHR in influencing host-pathogen interaction and infection outcomes. The AHR protects against infections, such as to Citrobacter rodentium [ 66 ], Listeria monocytogenes [ 67 ], Candida albicans [ 68 ], Staphylococcus epidermidis [ 69 ], Streptococcus pneumoniae [ 70 ], Aspergillus fumigatus [ 71 ], Mycobacterium tuberculosis [ 1 , 16 , 17 , 72 ], and Pseudomonas aeruginosa [ 16 , 17 ]. On the other hand, activation of the AHR showed detrimental effects on the immune response towards infections by Trypanosoma cruzi [ 73 ], Leishmania major [ 74 ], Zika virus [ 75 ], dengue virus, influenza virus [ 63 ], Herpes simplex virus [ 76 ], and HIV [ 77 ].…”

Section: Ahr In Immunitymentioning

confidence: 99%

Targeting the aryl hydrocarbon receptor by gut phenolic metabolites: A strategy towards gut inflammation

et al. 2023

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“…Importantly, in vitro FICZ has also been found to stimulate the polarization of T and B cells, as well as of dendritic cells and macrophages into immunosuppressive phenotypes ( Apetoh et al, 2010 ; Kimura et al, 2014 ; Wang et al, 2014 ; Piper et al, 2019 ; Zhang L. et al, 2020a ; Yang et al, 2020 ). Apetoh et al described how AHR activation with FICZ in CD4 + T cells could directly alter T cell differentiation into IL-10 producing type 1 regulatory (Tr1) cells.…”

Section: Ficz Stimulates the Polarization Of Immune Cells Into Both P...mentioning

confidence: 99%

6-Formylindolo[3,2-b]carbazole, a Potent Ligand for the Aryl Hydrocarbon Receptor Produced Both Endogenously and by Microorganisms, can Either Promote or Restrain Inflammatory Responses

Rannug

2022

Front. Toxicol.

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The aryl hydrocarbon receptor (AHR) binds major physiological modifiers of the immune system. The endogenous 6-formylindolo[3,2-b]carbazole (FICZ), which binds with higher affinity than any other compound yet tested, including TCDD, plays a well-documented role in maintaining the homeostasis of the intestines and skin. The effects of transient activation of AHR by FICZ differ from those associated with continuous stimulation and, depending on the dose, include either differentiation into T helper 17 cells that express proinflammatory cytokines or into regulatory T cells or macrophages with anti-inflammatory properties. Moreover, in experimental models of human diseases high doses stimulate the production of immunosuppressive cytokines and suppress pathogenic autoimmunity. In our earlier studies we characterized the formation of FICZ from tryptophan via the precursor molecules indole-3-pyruvate and indole-3-acetaldehyde. In the gut formation of these precursor molecules is catalyzed by microbial aromatic-amino-acid transaminase ArAT. Interestingly, tryptophan can also be converted into indole-3-pyruvate by the amino-acid catabolizing enzyme interleukin-4 induced gene 1 (IL4I1), which is secreted by host immune cells. By thus generating derivatives of tryptophan that activate AHR, IL4I1 may have a role to play in anti-inflammatory responses, as well as in a tumor escape mechanism that reduces survival in cancer patients. The realization that FICZ can be produced from tryptophan by sunlight, by enzymes expressed in our cells (IL4I1), and by microorganisms as well makes it highly likely that this compound is ubiquitous in humans. A diurnal oscillation in the level of FICZ that depends on the production by the fluctuating number of microbes might influence not only intestinal and dermal immunity locally, but also systemic immunity.

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Expression and role of aryl hydrocarbon receptor in Aspergillus fumigatus keratitis

Cited by 8 publications

References 29 publications

Kynurenic Acid Accelerates Healing of Corneal Epithelium In Vitro and In Vivo

Kynurenic Acid Accelerates Healing of Corneal Epithelium In Vitro and In Vivo

Targeting the aryl hydrocarbon receptor by gut phenolic metabolites: A strategy towards gut inflammation

6-Formylindolo[3,2-b]carbazole, a Potent Ligand for the Aryl Hydrocarbon Receptor Produced Both Endogenously and by Microorganisms, can Either Promote or Restrain Inflammatory Responses

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