Expression and ultrastructural localization of plasmin(ogen) in the terminally differentiated layers of normal human epidermis

Voegeli, R.; Rawlings, A. V.; Haftek, Marek

doi:10.1111/ics.12585

Cited by 6 publications

(3 citation statements)

References 22 publications

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“…But where is epidermal plasmin synthesized and located ultra‐structurally? Based on immunogold labelling transmission electron microscopy, we explored this question together with Marek Haftek, CNRS, Lyon[40]. We did not find any plasmin labelling in the stratum spinosum and the lower parts of the epidermis in healthy skin.…”

Section: Maturation Pathways and Gradients In The Stratum Corneummentioning

confidence: 99%

Moisturizing at a molecular level – The basis of Corneocare

Voegeli

Rawlings²

2023

Intern J of Cosmetic Sci

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This review covers the last 20 years of research we and our collaborators have conducted on ethnic differences in facial skin moisturization placed in historical context with previous research. We have focussed particularly on the biochemical and cellular gradients of the stratum corneum (SC) with the aim of discovering new skin moisturization and SC maturation mechanisms, identifying new technologies and/or providing conceptual innovations for ingredients that will improve our understanding and treatment of dry skin. Specifically, we discuss gradients for corneodesmosomes and proteases, corneocyte phenotypeinducing enzymes, filaggrin and natural moisturizing factor (NMF), and barrier lipids. These gradients are interdependent and influence greatly corneocyte maturation. The interrelationship between corneodesmolysis and the covalent attachment of ωhydroxy ceramides and ωhydroxy fatty acids to the corneocyte protein envelope forming the corneocyte lipid envelope is especially relevant in our new understanding of mechanisms leading to dry skin. This process is initiated by a linoleoyl-ωacyl ceramide transforming enzyme cascade including 12R lipoxygenase (12R-LOX), epidermal lipoxygenase-3 (eLOX3), epoxide hydrolase 3 (EPHX3), short-chain dehydrogenase/reductase family 9C member 7 (SDR9C7), ceramidase and transglutaminase 1. Our research has opened the opportunity of using novel treatment systems for dry skin based on lipids, humectants, niacinamide and inhibitors of the plasminogen system. It is clear that skin moisturization is a more complex mechanism than simple skin hydration. RésuméCette revue couvre 20 années de recherche que nous avons menées avec nos collaborateurs sur les différences ethniques d'hydratation de la peau du visage, en regard du contexte historique de recherches antérieures. Nous avons en particulier focalisé sur les gradients biochimiques et cellulaires du stratum corneum (SC) dans le but de découvrir de nouveaux mécanismes d'hydratation et de maturation du SC, et avons identifié de de nouvelles technologies et/ou apporté des conceptsThis is an open access article under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial License, which permits use, distribution and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited and is not used for commercial purposes.

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Section: Maturation Pathways and Gradients In The Stratum Corneummentioning

confidence: 99%

Moisturizing at a molecular level – The basis of Corneocare

Voegeli

Rawlings²

2023

Intern J of Cosmetic Sci

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“…The transport of plasminogen to wounds is predominantly accomplished by its binding to plasminogen receptors present on inflammatory cells, mainly macrophages and granulocytes [ 17 , 18 ]. Moreover, it has been shown that plasminogen is synthesized also in normal human differentiated epidermal keratinocytes of the stratum granulosum, where it is largely associated with corneocyte envelopes and is not serum-born [ 19 ].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Enhanced Expression of Plasminogen Activators and Inhibitor in the Healing of Tympanic Membrane Perforation in Rats

Makuszewska

Cieślińska

Winnicka

et al. 2023

JARO

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The significance of plasminogen activation during the tympanic membrane (TM) healing is known mainly from studies performed on knock-out mice. In the previous study, we reported activation of genes coding proteins of plasminogen activation and inhibition system in rat’s TM perforation healing. The aim of the present study was the evaluation of protein products expressed by these genes and their tissue distribution using Western blotting and immunofluorescent method, respectively, during 10-day observation period after injury. Otomicroscopical and histological evaluation were employed to assess the healing process. The expression of urokinase plasminogen activator (uPA) and its receptor (uPAR) were significantly upregulated in the proliferation phase, with subsequent gradual attenuation during remodeling phase of healing process, when keratinocyte migration was weakening. The expression of plasminogen activator inhibitor type 1 (PAI-1) also showed the highest levels during the proliferation phase. The increase of tissue plasminogen activator (tPA) expression was observed during the whole observation period, with the highest activity during the remodeling phase. Immunofluorescence of these proteins was present mainly in migrating epithelium. Our study found that plasminogen activation (uPA, uPAR, tPA) and inhibitory (PAI-1) molecules form a well-structured regulatory system of the epithelial migration that is critical to the healing of TM after its perforation.

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“…Facial SC is very different to other non-palmoplantar body sites; it is thinner and enriched in sebum but depleted of intercellular barrier lipids, such as ceramides, cholesterol and fatty acids. The facial SC also contains less NMF than other body sites and has higher proteolytic activities, including that of plasmin, a serine protease which is associated with the outer surface of corneocytes [5,6].…”

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confidence: 99%