Expression of adhesion molecules in lungs of mice infected with Paracoccidioides brasiliensis conidia

Pulmonary immune responses induced in BALB/c mice by Paracoccidioides brasiliensis conidia

“…Even if the early inflammatory response is nonspecific, such a stage is important because it is just at this moment that the resident pulmonary macrophages interact with the fungus for the first time and become activated proceeding to stimulate recruitment of other inflammatory cells [27][28][29][30]. In summary, the observations described above establish the value of this animal model for studies of the immune responses in PCM, and may contribute to designing new, more far reaching experiments.…”

“…Nonetheless, at the end of the second week, a decrease on these values (about 8% of inflammatory areas) could be noticed [27,28,30].…”

“…Histopathologically, and during the initial post-challenge periods, the lungs of mice infected with P. brasiliensis conidia, present a brochopneumonic, acute type response with PMNs accumulation that fuse with each other constituting extensive, illdefined masses, mainly at the peribronchiolar level [28,30]. Initially, during these early stages postchallenge, an afflux of PMNs is observed, which changes towards a lympho-histo-plasmocytic infiltrate, finally leading to granuloma formation [28,30].…”

“…Initially, during these early stages postchallenge, an afflux of PMNs is observed, which changes towards a lympho-histo-plasmocytic infiltrate, finally leading to granuloma formation [28,30].…”

“…Finally, at the end of second week, when granulomata become established, yeast cells are not only numerous inside such structures, but are also in active multiplication and appear intermingled with PMNs [30].…”