Expression of c-fos-like immunoreactivity in brainstem after meningeal irritation by blood in the subarachnoid space

Nozaki, Kazuhiko; Boccalini, Pia; Moskowitz, Michael A.

doi:10.1016/0306-4522(92)90235-t

Cited by 126 publications

(72 citation statements)

References 88 publications

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“…Such labeling was also present in the pia crossed by the injection cannula (dorsal surface of the midbrain and pons). Since such labeling was present following microinjection of pentobarbital or vehicle, and whether or not anesthesia was induced, we attribute it to nonspecific cellular activation and/or trauma-evoked Ca 2ϩ entry (Nozaki et al, 1992;Herrera and Robertson, 1996;Cirelli and Tononi, 2000). Interestingly, the presence of many such cells in both the MPTA and microinjection (Ϫ) groups indicates that high concentrations of pentobarbital do not necessarily preclude FOS expression under these circumstances.…”

Section: Fos Expression In the Mptamentioning

confidence: 97%

Cerebral Activity during the Anesthesia-Like State Induced by Mesopontine Microinjection of Pentobarbital

Abulafia¹,

Zalkind²,

Devor³

2009

J. Neurosci.

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Microinjection of pentobarbital into a restricted region of rat brainstem, the mesopontine tegmental anesthesia area (MPTA), induces a reversible anesthesia-like state characterized by loss of the righting reflex, atonia, antinociception, and loss of consciousness as assessed by electroencephalogram synchronization. We examined cerebral activity during this state using FOS expression as a marker. Animals were anesthetized for 50 min with a series of intracerebral microinjections of pentobarbital or with systemic pentobarbital and intracerebral microinjections of vehicle. FOS expression was compared with that in awake animals microinjected with vehicle. Neural activity was suppressed throughout the cortex whether anesthesia was induced by systemic or MPTA routes. Changes were less consistent subcortically. In the zona incerta and the nucleus raphe pallidus, expression was strongly suppressed during systemic anesthesia, but only mildly during MPTA-induced anesthesia. Dissociation was seen in the tuberomammillary nucleus where suppression occurred during systemic-induced anesthesia only, and in the lateral habenular nucleus where activity was markedly increased during systemicinduced anesthesia but not following intracerebral microinjection. Several subcortical nuclei previously associated with cerebral arousal werenotaffected.IntheMPTAitselfFOSexpressionwassuppressedduringsystemicanesthesia.Differencesinthepatternofbrainactivityinthe two modes of anesthesia are consistent with the possibility that anesthetic endpoints might be achieved by alternative mechanisms: direct drug action for systemic anesthesia or via ascending pathways for MPTA-induced anesthesia. However, it is also possible that systemically administered agents induce anesthesia, at least in part, by a primary action in the MPTA with cortical inhibition occurring secondarily.

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Section: Fos Expression In the Mptamentioning

confidence: 97%

Cerebral Activity during the Anesthesia-Like State Induced by Mesopontine Microinjection of Pentobarbital

Abulafia¹,

Zalkind²,

Devor³

2009

J. Neurosci.

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“…TNC (laminae I, IIJ) contains the synapses of primary afferent fibres concerned with the transmission of nociceptive information from trigeminal receptive fields and second and higher order neuorones which transmit nociceptive information to rostral centres (Willis, 1985;Menetrey & Basbaum, 1987). In a previous study, the number of positive cells in this nucleus correlated with the amount of injected blood (Nozaki et al, 1992). Similarly, the number of positive cells in the dorsal horn correlated with a nociceptive behavioural response after formalin injection into the hind paw of a rat.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…In the formalin experiments, the number of expressing cells decreased after morphine administration (Presley et al, 1990;Gogas et al, 1991) in a dose-dependent, naloxone-sensitive manner. Chronic sectioning of the trigeminal nerve innervating the meninges, or destroying small unmyelinated C-fibres by neonatal capsaicin treatment significantly reduced the number of cells expressing c-fos within TNC after blood injection into the cisterna magna (Nozaki et al, 1992 25 mEq l-, pH adjusted to 7.4) was injected into the cisterna magna over about 1 min via a tuberculin syringe (1 ml). Sham animals were treated identically but resceived no intracisternal injection.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

CP‐93,129, sumatriptan, dihydroergotamine block c‐fos expression within rat trigeminal nucleus caudalis caused by chemical stimulation of the meninges

Nozaki

Moskowitz

Boccalini

1992

British J Pharmacology

128

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1 The effects of intravenously administered 5-HTIB receptor agonists were examined on c-fos-like immunoreactivity, an indicator of neuronal activation, within the brain stem. C-fos was induced by injecting an algesic, vasoconstrictor substance (0.3 ml of autologous blood) or a pro-inflammatory molecule, carrageenin (1 mg in 0.1 ml saline) into the cisterna magna of pentobarbitone-anaesthetized Sprague-Dawley rats and was visualized in serial sections (50gLm) by use of a polyclonal antiserum.2 As previously reported, the injection of blood caused significant labelling within laminae I, II. of the trigeminal nucleus caudalis, a major nociceptive brain stem nucleus, as well as within nucleus of the solitary tract and area postrema. A similar pattern of expression with fewer cells per section was detected after carrageenin instillation. The number of expressing cells was reduced by 54% in trigeminal nucleus caudalis but not within the nucleus of the solitary tract or area postrema when blood was injected in adult rats after neonatal capsaicin treatment.

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“…Several animal studies have clearly implicated autonomic abnormalities during a simulated migraine attack. 20 Several clinical observations have found autonomic abnormalities in migraineurs compared to normal controls. [21][22][23][24] Periaqueductal gray (PAG) has been demonstrated to be dysfunctional in migraine.…”

Section: Commentsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Gastric Stasis in Migraine: More Than Just a Paroxysmal Abnormality During a Migraine Attack

Aurora¹,

Kori²,

Barrodale³

et al. 2006

Headache

111

123

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Objective.-The aim of this article is to evaluate gastric motility and emptying in the ictal and interictal period in migraine.Background.-Nausea is a predominant symptom of migraine and the basis of it is thought to be gastric stasis. Objective methods to establish this are however lacking. We utilized gastric scintigraphy studies to determine gastric motility in the ictal and interictal period of migraine.Methods.-Ten migraine subjects were compared to equal number of age and sex matched controls. Gastric scintigraphy using a standard meal was performed in all control subjects once and in all 10 migraine subjects in the interictal period and nine studies were performed in the ictal period migraine.Results.-The time to half emptying was delayed in migraine ictally (78%) and interictal period (80%) using normative data at this institution. Gastric stasis was less pronounced ictally (149.9 minutes) compared to interictal period (188.8 minutes). There was a significant delay compared to nonmigrainous controls (migraine 188.8 minutes vs normal controls 111.8 minutes; P < .05). These data were replicated in percentage of radioactive material remaining in the stomach at 2 hours.Conclusions.-Contrary to previous belief, this study has demonstrated that migraineurs suffer from gastric stasis both during and outside an acute migraine attack. This may suggest that migraineurs may have an abnormal autonomic function compared to nonmigrainous controls. The potential role of this in pathophysiology of migraine is discussed and avenues for further investigations are explored.

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Expression of c-fos-like immunoreactivity in brainstem after meningeal irritation by blood in the subarachnoid space

Cited by 126 publications

References 88 publications

Cerebral Activity during the Anesthesia-Like State Induced by Mesopontine Microinjection of Pentobarbital

Cerebral Activity during the Anesthesia-Like State Induced by Mesopontine Microinjection of Pentobarbital

CP‐93,129, sumatriptan, dihydroergotamine block c‐fos expression within rat trigeminal nucleus caudalis caused by chemical stimulation of the meninges

Gastric Stasis in Migraine: More Than Just a Paroxysmal Abnormality During a Migraine Attack

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