Expression of CD3 and CD11b antigens on blood and mammary gland leukocytes and bacterial survival in milk of cows with experimentally induced Staphylococcus aureus mastitis

Rivas, Ariel L.; Quimby, Fred W.; Coksaygan, O; Alba, Anna; Arina, Ainhoa; Arrobas, M J; González, R. N.; Mohammed, H; Lein, Donald H.

doi:10.2460/ajvr.2001.62.1840

Cited by 15 publications

(15 citation statements)

References 55 publications

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“…A , B : Leukocyte profiles and microbial test results of 6 dairy cows inoculated at day 0 with non-methicillin resistant (non-MRSA) Staphylococcus aureus , followed over two weeks, are reported (total: 24 longitudinal observations, data previously reported, using a different analytical method [44]). C , D : Leukocyte profiles of 439 humans non-infected or infected by malaria, tested once, are reported, of whom five displayed high MC/N values and malaria-positive test results and were tested twice (two weeks apart), becoming malaria-negative in the later test (total: 444 observations, data previously reported, using a different analytical method [61]).…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…That can be achieved when one ratio estimates early host-microbial responses and the other ratio expresses late responses. For example, a 2D plot that includes N/L and MC/N ratios indicates early responses when the N/L ratio is high (e.g., much greater than 1), or late responses when the MC/N ratio is >1 [44]–[46]. Such structure can distinguish the temporal sequence of biological responses regardless of chronological scales (minutes/hours/days) and is robust to the absence (or presence) of slow (or fast) immune responders [47].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Feedback-Based, System-Level Properties of Vertebrate-Microbial Interactions

et al. 2013

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BackgroundImproved characterization of infectious disease dynamics is required. To that end, three-dimensional (3D) data analysis of feedback-like processes may be considered.MethodsTo detect infectious disease data patterns, a systems biology (SB) and evolutionary biology (EB) approach was evaluated, which utilizes leukocyte data structures designed to diminish data variability and enhance discrimination. Using data collected from one avian and two mammalian (human and bovine) species infected with viral, parasite, or bacterial agents (both sensitive and resistant to antimicrobials), four data structures were explored: (i) counts or percentages of a single leukocyte type, such as lymphocytes, neutrophils, or macrophages (the classic approach), and three levels of the SB/EB approach, which assessed (ii) 2D, (iii) 3D, and (iv) multi-dimensional (rotating 3D) host-microbial interactions.ResultsIn all studies, no classic data structure discriminated disease-positive (D+, or observations in which a microbe was isolated) from disease-negative (D–, or microbial-negative) groups: D+ and D– data distributions overlapped. In contrast, multi-dimensional analysis of indicators designed to possess desirable features, such as a single line of observations, displayed a continuous, circular data structure, whose abrupt inflections facilitated partitioning into subsets statistically significantly different from one another. In all studies, the 3D, SB/EB approach distinguished three (steady, positive, and negative) feedback phases, in which D– data characterized the steady state phase, and D+ data were found in the positive and negative phases. In humans, spatial patterns revealed false-negative observations and three malaria-positive data classes. In both humans and bovines, methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA) infections were discriminated from non-MRSA infections.ConclusionsMore information can be extracted, from the same data, provided that data are structured, their 3D relationships are considered, and well-conserved (feedback-like) functions are estimated. Patterns emerging from such structures may distinguish well-conserved from recently developed host-microbial interactions. Applications include diagnosis, error detection, and modeling.

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Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Feedback-Based, System-Level Properties of Vertebrate-Microbial Interactions

et al. 2013

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“…The extent of CD8 cells in milk was not consistent and varied dependent on the time after infection, and the cells in milk were increased at 9-14 days post-inoculation [27]. However, variations of immunophenotypes and their activities are commonly observed even in experimental studies with the same challenge of pathogens used [21,28,29]. In the present study, increases in respective CD4 and CD8 cells were found in milk from cows with naturally occurring chronic S. aureus mastitis, suggesting that inflammatory responses continue for a relatively long period in the mammary gland and cause the characteristic changes of lymphocyte profiles reflecting chronic infection by the S. aureus pathogen in dairy cows.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Altered Leukocyte Responsiveness in Dairy Cows with Naturally Occurring Chronic Staphylococcus aureus Mastitis

et al. 2011

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ABSTRACT. Changes in inflammatory parameters, leukocyte surface markers, functional responses and cytokine mRNA expression of leukocytes of dairy cows with naturally occurring chronic Staphylococcus aureus (S. aureus) mastitis and healthy cows were determined to elucidate the leukocyte responses to S. aureus infection of the mammary gland. Increased values in inflammatory parameters and matrix metalloproteinase activities in milk revealed the characteristics of cows with chronic mastitis. Expression of L-selectin and CD18 molecules on neutrophils and proportion of CD8 cells in milk from cows with S. aureus mastitis were significantly (P<0.05) increased compared with those found in healthy cows. The FcR-stimulated CL response of blood neutrophils was significantly (P<0.05) decreased in cows with S. aureus mastitis. Significantly (P<0.05) decreased mitogenic responses of lymphocytes were found in cows with S. aureus mastitis; however, the values were not restored to those of healthy cows when stimulated with both mitogens and the cytokine IL-1. The mRNA expression of TNF-, IL-1 and IL-8 on milk leukocytes from cows with S. aureus was found to be increased compared with that of healthy cows. The changes of immune responses found in cows with S. aureus mastitis appear to be influenced by the severity and duration of inflammation in infected quarters. The down-regulation of the leukocyte functions found in cows with S. aureus mastitis appears to be associated with the progress of the chronic stage of S. aureus mastitis.KEY WORDS: inflammatory measures, leukocyte phenotypic marker, leukocyte response, Staphylococcus aureus mastitis.

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“…CD11b/CD18 dimer is one of β 2 -integrins expressed on PMN and it is called complement receptor 3 or Mac-1 (Rivas et al 2001). The expression of CD62L and CD11b on PMN are inversely regulated by chemotactic factors (Kishimoto et al 1989).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Effect of intramammary infusion of rbGM-CSF on SCC and expression of polymorphonuclear neutrophil adhesion molecules in subclinical mastitis cows

Ozawa

Kiku

Mizuno³

et al. 2011

Vet Res Commun

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The effect of rbGM-CSF intramammary infusion on the subclinical mastitis was evaluated by the somatic cell count (SCC) and expression of adhesion molecules (CD62L and CD11b) on the surface of neutrophils (PMN) in blood and milk. Fifteen cows diagnosed to have subclinical mastitis were used in this study. Seven cows showed a decrease in the SCC (decreased group), whereas 8 cows showed an increase in the SCC (increased group) 7 days after infusion of rbGM-CSF compared to pre infusion level. The percentage of CD62+ cells tended to be lower and CD11b+cells tended to be higher at 6 h on blood PMN in the decreased group of cows. Increased group of cows showed opposite tendencies. The mean fluorescent intensity of these adhesion molecules expressed on PMN in blood and milk was similar in both groups. These results suggested some association between expression of adhesion molecules and changes in SCC by rbGM-CSF. Responsiveness of PMN adhesion molecules to rbGM-CSF might determine the changes in SCC of the subclinical mastitic cows after infusion of rbGM-CSF.

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Expression of CD3 and CD11b antigens on blood and mammary gland leukocytes and bacterial survival in milk of cows with experimentally induced Staphylococcus aureus mastitis

Cited by 15 publications

References 55 publications

Feedback-Based, System-Level Properties of Vertebrate-Microbial Interactions

Feedback-Based, System-Level Properties of Vertebrate-Microbial Interactions

Altered Leukocyte Responsiveness in Dairy Cows with Naturally Occurring Chronic Staphylococcus aureus Mastitis

Effect of intramammary infusion of rbGM-CSF on SCC and expression of polymorphonuclear neutrophil adhesion molecules in subclinical mastitis cows

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