We examined the change of HSP70 expression in the mouse dental pulp which was exposed to experimental teeth separation by immunohistochemistry as a model for conservative dental treatment. Eight week-old 18 male ddY mice were used and a wedge was inserted between upper 1 st and 2 nd molars for 3 hours. In the experimental group, HSP70 expression increased in the dental pulp tissues. The expression was the greatest at 24 hours after which it gradually decreased to become similar to the level of the control group at 1 week. These results suggest that when immunohistochemical expression of HSP70 is used as an index, almost no severe damage occurs upon clinical application of a wedge insertion.