Expression of Cyclooxygenase-2 and Granulocyte-Macrophage Colony-Stimulating Factor in the Endometrial Epithelium of the Cow Is Up-Regulated During Early Pregnancy and in Response to Intrauterine Infusions of Interferon-τ1

Émond, Vincent; MacLaren, Leslie A.; Kimmins, Sarah; Arosh, Joe A.; Fortier, Michel A.; Lambert, Raymond

doi:10.1095/biolreprod.103.018689

Cited by 86 publications

(75 citation statements)

References 103 publications

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“…This is in contrast to observed IFNT effects described in vitro (Asselin et al 1997a, 1997c, Parent et al 2002, Emond et al 2004, Tithof et al 2007, Godkin et al 2008. In addition, the release of all PG examined is strikingly concomitant, making it likely that the general rather than the specific synthases account for the vast increase in PG.…”

Section: Discussioncontrasting

confidence: 66%

“…The general PG synthase PTGS2 is not inhibited due to the presence of an embryo, instead there is an inconsistent evidence of the effect of IFNT on the expression of the general PG synthase PTGS2, showing either stimulative or no effects , Arosh et al 2004b, Emond et al 2004. While PGF 2a has primarily been ascribed to conduct luteolytic effects, elevated PGE 2 is associated with beneficial actions on uterine receptivity during the establishment of pregnancy (Arosh et al 2004b).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…While PGF 2a has primarily been ascribed to conduct luteolytic effects, elevated PGE 2 is associated with beneficial actions on uterine receptivity during the establishment of pregnancy (Arosh et al 2004b). During the last decade, a great effort has therefore been lain on the description of the relative contribution of each of the specific synthases and/or receptors of general and specific PG synthesis, catabolism, as well as transport contributing to the PG turnover , Madore et al 2003, Emond et al 2004, Parent et al 2006. Major changes occur in the endometrium predominantly between the estrus and diestrus state, which accentuate the endometrial synthesis of PG during the preimplantation period (Arosh et al 2004b, Parent et al 2006.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Quantitative characterization of prostaglandins in the uterus of early pregnant cattle

Ulbrich¹,

Schülke²,

Groebner³

et al. 2009

Reproduction

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Prostaglandins (PGs) are important regulators of reproductive processes including early embryonic development. We analyzed the most relevant PG in bovine uteri at different preimplantation pregnancy stages when compared with non-pregnant controls. Additionally, endometrium and trophoblast tissues were examined regarding specific enzymes and receptors involved in PG generation and function. Simmental heifers were artificially inseminated or received seminal plasma only. At days 12, 15, or 18, post-estrus uteri were flushed for PG determination by liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry. Endometrium and trophoblast tissues were sampled for RNA extraction and quantitative real-time PCR analysis. At all days and points of time examined, the concentration of 6-keto PGF 1a (stable metabolite of PGI 2 ) was predominant followed by PGF 2a OPGE 2 OPGD 2 zTXB 2 (stable metabolite of TXA 2 ). At days 15 and 18, PG increased from overall low levels at day 12, with a much more pronounced increase during pregnancy. The PGF 2a /PGE 2 ratio was not influenced by status. The highest PG concentration was measured at day 15 with 6-keto PGF 1a (6.4 ng/ml) followed by PGF 2a (1.1 ng/ml) and PGE 2 (0.3 ng/ml). Minor changes in endometrial PG biosynthesis enzymes occurred due to pregnancy. Trophoblasts revealed high transcript abundance of general and specific PG synthases contributing to uterine PG. As PGI 2 and PGF 2a receptors were abundantly expressed by the trophoblast, abundant amounts of PGI 2 and PGF 2a in the uterine lumen point towards an essential role of PG for the developing embryo. High amounts of PG other than PGE 2 in the preimplantation uterus may be essential rather than detrimental for successful reproduction.

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Section: Discussioncontrasting

confidence: 66%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

See 1 more Smart Citation

Quantitative characterization of prostaglandins in the uterus of early pregnant cattle

Ulbrich¹,

Schülke²,

Groebner³

et al. 2009

Reproduction

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“…However, no correlation was evident between PGHS2 mRNA levels in the endometrium of gravid horns and post-ovulatory progesterone concentrations. Some researchers report that recombinant IFNT increases PGHS2 expression in ruminant endometrial cells in vivo and in vitro (Asselin et al 1997;Arosh et al 2004;Emond et al 2004;Gray et al 2006), whereas others have reported a decrease (Chen et al 2006) or no effect (Kim et al 2003). Overall, the expression of PGHS2 in uteri with large compared with small conceptuses was greater, implying an effect of IFNT on its regulation; however, as the maximum expression was not in SR gravid horns with large conceptuses (those with the greatest exposure to IFNT), the relationship is inconsistent.…”

Section: Evaluation Of the Bovine Uterine Environmentmentioning

confidence: 98%

Evaluation of the uterine environment early in pregnancy establishment to characterise cows with a potentially superior ability to support conceptus survival

Ledgard

Meier

Peterson

2011

Reprod. Fertil. Dev.

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Abstract. During previous investigations, the capacity of the cow to secrete prostaglandin in response to oxytocin has been linked with pregnancy outcome. The objective of the present study was to evaluate the predictive value of prostaglandin release to identify groups of cows as potentially superior (SR, low prostaglandin release) or inferior (IR, high prostaglandin release) for pregnancy outcome and to utilise these cows to investigate factors that contribute to optimum uterine conditions for early pregnancy. Animals were synchronised and received an in vitro-derived blastocyst on Day 7 post-oestrus. Tissues (trophoblast and endometrial) and uterine luminal fluid (ULF) were recovered 10 days later. Pregnancy rates were 94 and 78% for SR and IR cows, respectively. Of the pregnant SR cows, 69% had larged conceptuses (.24 cm) in contrast to 43% IR of cows. IR cows with small conceptuses (,12 cm) had significantly lower mean Day 3 and 5 post-oestrous progesterone concentrations than cows with large conceptuses. The expression of factors involved in the prostaglandin pathway, pregnancy and conceptus development were analysed via quantitative RT-PCR and Western blot analysis. Investigation of 16 endometrial gene transcripts indicated no differences between IR and SR cows except for osteopontin expression which, in uteri with large conceptuses, was 2-fold greater in SR than IR cows (P ¼ 0.02). There was greater expression of CTGF, OXTR, PGES, PGHS2 and UTMP mRNA in uteri of SR and IR cows that had large compared with small conceptuses (P , 0.05). More IFNT protein was recovered in SR compared with IR ULF (P , 0.03). SR cows with large conceptuses had less TIMP2 and legumain protein in their gravid, compared with their non-gravid horns (P # 0.02) whereas IR cows did not. The predictive value of prostaglandin release in response to oxytocin challenge does not appear to be an effective indicator of subsequent pregnancy rates in cows. Differences between the two groups appear to be associated with subtle differences in progesterone and uterine protein concentrations that may be related to differences in conceptus size.

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“…Granulocyte-macrophage colony-stimulating factor (GM-CSF), known to promote survival and growth of embryos, is expressed by the ruminant endometrium during early pregnancy and in response to intrauterine infusions of IFNτ (Teixeira et al, 1997;Emond et al, 2004). Separate culture of endometrial epithelial and stromal cells showed that high basal production of GM-CSF by epithelial cells is not regulated by recombinant ovine IFNτ.…”

Section: Maternal Recognition Of Pregnancy and The Pivotal Role Of Ifmentioning

confidence: 99%

2 Identification of Genes Induced by the Conceptus in the Bovine Endometrium During the Pre-Implantation Period

Klein¹,

Bauersachs²,

Ulbrich³

et al. 2006

Reprod. Fertil. Dev.

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Early embryonic development, implantation, and maintenance of a pregnancy are critically dependent on an intact embryo-maternal communication. So far, only few signals involved in this dialogue have been identified. In ruminants, interferon tau (IFN�) plays a key role in the process of maternal recognition of pregnancy by exhibiting antiluteolytic activity. Even though many experimental findings indicate a pivotal role of IFN� in the context of embryo-maternal communication in ruminants, a number of other systems may be involved. To identify genes induced in the bovine endometrium by the signaling of the embryo, a combination of subtracted cDNA libraries and cDNA array hybridization was applied. Monozygotic twin pairs (n = 5) were used as the biological model. Pregnancy was created in one twin by transferring two in vitro-produced embryos on Day 7 of the estrous cycle; the other twin received a sham embryo transfer. Pregnant and nonpregnant twins were slaughtered at Day 18; endometrial tissue samples were recovered and processed for transcriptome analysis as described (Bauersachs et al. 2005 J. Mol. Endocrinol. 34, 889-908). Screening of 4608 clones of two subtracted libraries revealed 90 different up-regulated genes and mRNAs, of which almost 50% are known to be stimulated by type I interferons. Among these interferon-stimulated genes, the ISG15 system is assumed to be of particular interest, and several components were studied in more detail using in situ hybridization. The pattern of mRNA expression suggests that modification of endometrial proteins through ISG15ylation plays a fundamental role during the pre-implantation period. A classification of the identified genes based on Gene Ontologies revealed the prevalence of genes involved in regulation of gene expression, cell communication, cell growth, cell differentiation, cell proliferation, and cell adhesion, and also the prevalence of genes with immune-related functions. These results underline the intense response of the endometrium to the presence of a conceptus, culminating in the preparation of the maternal environment for embryonic implantation. Further, for eleven selected genes the expression in the endometrium was quantified by the use of real-time RT-PCR. Overall, the results of quantitative RT-PCR and array hybridization correlated very well. To our knowledge this study provides the first holistic gene expression analysis of the bovine endometrium during the pre-implantation period. The results underline the importance of IFN� as an embryo-derived pregnancy recognition signal and depict the molecular mechanisms at the mRNA level underlying the intense embryo-maternal dialog taking place at Day 18 of gestation.

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Expression of Cyclooxygenase-2 and Granulocyte-Macrophage Colony-Stimulating Factor in the Endometrial Epithelium of the Cow Is Up-Regulated During Early Pregnancy and in Response to Intrauterine Infusions of Interferon-τ1

Cited by 86 publications

References 103 publications

Quantitative characterization of prostaglandins in the uterus of early pregnant cattle

Quantitative characterization of prostaglandins in the uterus of early pregnant cattle

Evaluation of the uterine environment early in pregnancy establishment to characterise cows with a potentially superior ability to support conceptus survival

2 Identification of Genes Induced by the Conceptus in the Bovine Endometrium During the Pre-Implantation Period

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