Expression of cytokine genes at tick attachment and control sites of Namaqua Afrikaner, Dorper and South African Mutton Merino sheep

Thutwa, Ketshephaone; Wyk, J.B. van; Dzama, K.; Scholtz, A. J.; Cloete, Schalk

doi:10.1016/j.vetpar.2021.109384

Cited by 3 publications

(4 citation statements)

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“…Our study detected that genes such as CCL26, CTLA-4, PTPN13, PKHD1, ICOS, and ARPP21 are associated with immunity, and genes such as WNT5A, TIMP3, and BIN1 are associated with parasite resistance. C-C ligand 26 (CCL26) protects against localized infections, participates in the immune response, and plays a role in resistance to tick infestation and disturbance (Thutwa et al, 2021). Mature eosinophils are activated by CCL26 and migrate to the infection site, acting as an immunizing agent (E et al, 2019).…”

Section: Genes Related To Desert Adaptationmentioning

confidence: 99%

Genetic diversity, population structure, and selective signature of sheep in the northeastern Tarim Basin

Wang,

Suo,

Yang

et al. 2023

Front. Genet.

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Local sheep in the northeastern Tarim Basin can adapt to dry and low-rainfall regional environments. In this study, three local sheep breeds in the northeastern Tarim Basin, LOP (LOP) sheep, Bayinbuluke (BYK) sheep, and Kunlun (KUN, also known as the Qiemo sheep) sheep, and three introduced sheep breeds, Suffolk (SUF) sheep, Dorset (APD) sheep, and Texel (TEX) sheep, were analyzed for genetic diversity, population structure, and selective signature using the Illumina OvineSNP50K BeadChip. We found that LOP, BYK, and KUN had lower observed heterozygosity and expected heterozygosity than TEX, SUF, and ADP, which were differentiated based on geographic distribution. We performed fixation index (FST) analysis on three local sheep breeds in the northeastern Tarim Basin (LOP, BYK, and KUN) and introduced sheep breeds (TEX, SUF, and ADP) to measure genetic differentiation. Nucleotide diversity (PI) analysis was performed on single-nucleotide polymorphism (SNP) data of LOP, BYK, and KUN. A total of 493 candidate genes were obtained by taking the intersection at a threshold of 5%. Among them, SMAD2, ESR2, and HAS2 were related to reproductive traits. PCDH15, TLE4, and TFAP2B were related to growth traits. SOD1, TSHR, and DNAJB5 were related to desert environmental adaptation. Analyzing the genetic patterns of local sheep in the northeastern Tarim Basin can protect the germplasm resources of local sheep and promote the development and utilization of sheep genetic resources.

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Section: Genes Related To Desert Adaptationmentioning

confidence: 99%

Genetic diversity, population structure, and selective signature of sheep in the northeastern Tarim Basin

Wang,

Suo,

Yang

et al. 2023

Front. Genet.

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“…Over 1 g in beef cattle weight might be lost daily for each engorging tick ( Jonsson, 2006 ). The IL-1β gene is associated with the immune response and has been shown to be increased during tick infestation ( Piper et al, 2008 ; Brannan et al, 2014 ; Thutwa et al, 2021 ). Greater polymorphism in the IL-1β gene may impact the animals’ adaptive response to ticks, compromising the cascade of pro-inflammatory cytokines ( Torina et al, 2020 ), activation of endothelium, and local upregulation of cell-surface adhesion ( Rahman et al, 2016 ).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Comparison of ruminal microbiota, IL-1β gene variation, and tick incidence between Holstein × Gyr and Holstein heifers in grazing system

Quirino,

Marcondes,

Oliveira

et al. 2024

Front. Microbiol.

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IntroductionThe variation in bacterial communities among breeds has been previously reported and may be one of the reasons why Holstein × Gyr dairy heifers have better development in grazing systems in tropical conditions. This study aimed to explore the ruminal microbiota composition, the IL-1β gene variation, tick incidence, and blood parameters of Holstein × Gyr (½ Holstein × ½ Gyr) and Holstein heifers grazing intensely managed Guinea grass (Panicum maximum Jacq. cv. Mombaça).MethodsSixteen heifers were divided into two groups consisting of 8 Holstein × Gyr and 8 Holstein heifers. The experimental period was comprised of 3 periods of 21 days. Ruminal samples were taken via the stomach tube technique. The sequencing of the V4 hypervariable region of the 16S rRNA gene was performed using the Illumina MiSeq platform. Counting and collection of ticks were conducted each 21 days. Blood and skeletal muscle tissue biopsies were performed at the end of the experiment.ResultsFirmicutes were the most abundant phyla present in both breed rumen samples and Bacteroidota showed differences in relative abundance between breed groups, with greater values for Holstein heifers (p < 0.05 with FDR correction). The 10 most abundant unique OTUs identified in each breed included several OTUs of the genus Prevotella. Holstein heifers had a greater tick count and weight (9.8 ticks/animal and 1.6 g/animal, respectively) than Holstein × Gyr (2.56 ticks/animal and 0.4 g/animal, respectively). We found nucleotide substitutions in the IL-1β gene that might be related to adaptation and resistance phenotypes to tick infestation in Holstein × Gyr heifers. Blood concentrations of urea, albumin, insulin-like growth factor 1, triiodothyronine, and thyroxine were greater in Holstein × Gyr than in Holstein heifers.ConclusionAdaptations in Holstein × Gyr heifers such as ruminal microbiota, tick resistance, nucleotide substitutions in IL-1β gene, and hormone concentration suggest a better energy metabolism and thermoregulation resulting in better performance in tropical grazing systems.

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“…All three of these breeds have several notable characteristics (see Figure 1). They have coarse hair, rather than wool, and a significant fatty deposit at the base of the tail and are regarded as drought tolerant and hardy [6,50,51,[54][55][56][57].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…have coarse hair, rather than wool, and a significant fatty deposit at the base of the tail and are regarded as drought tolerant and hardy [6,50,51,[54][55][56][57]. Mitochondrial diversity in domesticated sheep clusters in to five haplogroups designated A-E [58][59][60][61][62][63][64][65][66][67][68].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Maternal Relationships among Ancient and Modern Southern African Sheep: Newly Discovered Mitochondrial Haplogroups

Horsburgh

Beckett

Gosling

2022

Biology

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We investigated the genetic diversity and historic relationships among southern African sheep as well as the relationships between them and sheep outside the continent by sourcing both archaeological and modern sheep samples. Archaeological sheep samples derived from the site Die Kelders 1, near Cape Town, date to approximately 1500 years ago. The modern samples were taken as ear snips from Damara, Namaqua Afrikaner, and Ronderib Afrikaner sheep on a farm in Prieska in the Northern Cape. Illumina sequencing libraries were constructed for both ancient and modern specimens. Ancient specimens were enriched for the mitochondrial genome using an in-solution hybridization protocol and modern specimens were subjected to shotgun sequencing. Sequences were mapped to the Ovis aries reference genome, assigned to haplogroups and subhaplogroups, and used to calculate a phylogenetic tree using previously published, geographically dispersed mitochondrial genome sheep sequences. Genetic diversity statistics show that southern African sheep have lower diversity than sheep in other regions. Phylogenetic analysis reveals that many modern southern African sheep are likely descended from prehistoric indigenous sheep populations and not from sheep imported from Europe during the historic period.

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Expression of cytokine genes at tick attachment and control sites of Namaqua Afrikaner, Dorper and South African Mutton Merino sheep

Cited by 3 publications

References 38 publications

Genetic diversity, population structure, and selective signature of sheep in the northeastern Tarim Basin

Genetic diversity, population structure, and selective signature of sheep in the northeastern Tarim Basin

Comparison of ruminal microbiota, IL-1β gene variation, and tick incidence between Holstein × Gyr and Holstein heifers in grazing system

Maternal Relationships among Ancient and Modern Southern African Sheep: Newly Discovered Mitochondrial Haplogroups

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