Expression of cytosolic and secreted forms of phospholipase A2 and cyclooxygenases in human placenta, fetal membranes, and chorionic cell lines☆

Johansen, Berit; Rakkestad, Kirsten Eline; Balboa, Marı́a A.; Dennis, Edward A.

doi:10.1016/s0090-6980(99)00057-x

Cited by 23 publications

(16 citation statements)

References 22 publications

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“…2) where Xu et al23 demonstrated apparently moderate COX‐1 and weaker COX‐2 expression levels in human BeWo trophoblastic cells. In contrast, COX‐2 was absent in the BeWo and two other human trophoblast models, JEG and JAr cells, in previous studies by another laboratory 24. This inconsistency may be a consequence of differences in cell culture conditions or the experimental methodology utilized.…”

Section: Placental Fatty Acid Metabolismmentioning

confidence: 83%

“…In contrast, placental fatty acid metabolism is not as well described. High fatty acid oxidation activities have been observed in the human placenta19, 20 and could be partly attributable to the presence of three PUFA metabolizing families: Cytochrome P450 4A (CYP4A) isoforms21, 22 Cyclooxygenases (COX)23–25; and Lipoxygenases (LOX) 26, 27. Notably, several of these fatty acid transporters and metabolizing enzymes are under either direct or indirect regulation by the peroxisome proliferator‐activated nuclear hormone receptors (PPAR) 28, 29.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Effect of Placental Fatty Acid Metabolism and Regulation by Peroxisome Proliferator Activated Receptor on Pregnancy and Fetal Outcomes

Wang

Cook

et al. 2007

Journal of Pharmaceutical Sciences

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Section: Placental Fatty Acid Metabolismmentioning

confidence: 83%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Effect of Placental Fatty Acid Metabolism and Regulation by Peroxisome Proliferator Activated Receptor on Pregnancy and Fetal Outcomes

Wang

Cook

et al. 2007

Journal of Pharmaceutical Sciences

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“…Less is known about PLA2G4A actions in parturition than other PLA2 isoforms. However, Pla2g4a expression has been demonstrated in human amnion, chorion, placenta, and myometrium [39][40][41][42][43][44]. Accumulation of PLA2G4A protein was noted in the amnion, chorion, and decidua vera of laboring compared to nonlaboring women [44].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 98%

Restoration of On-Time Embryo Implantation Corrects the Timing of Parturition in Cytosolic Phospholipase A2 Group IVA Deficient Mice1

Brown¹,

Morrow²,

Slaughter³

et al. 2009

Biology of Reproduction

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Cytosolic phospholipase A2 (cPLA2, PLA2G4A) catalyzes the release of arachidonic acid for prostaglandin synthesis by cyclooxygenase 1 (PTGS1) and cyclooxygenase 2 (PTGS2). Mice with Pla2g4a deficiency have parturition delay and other reproductive deficits, including deferred onset of implantation, crowding of implantation sites, and small litters. In this study, we examined the contribution of PLA2G4A to parturition in mice. Pla2g4a mRNA and protein expression were discretely localized in the term and preterm uterine luminal epithelium and colocalized with Ptgs1, but not Ptgs2, expression. The levels of PGE2, PGF2alpha, 6-keto-PGF1alpha, and TxB2 were significantly decreased in Pla2g4a-null uterine tissues, similar to Ptgs1-null uteri, consistent with predominance of PLA2G4A-PTGS1-mediated prostaglandin synthesis in preparation for murine parturition. Litter size was strongly associated with the timing of parturition in Pla2g4a-null mice but could not fully account for the parturition delay. Pla2g4a-null females that received PGE2 + carbaprostacyclin at the time of implantation delivered earlier (20.5 +/- 0.2 days vs. 21.6 +/- 0.2 days, P < 0.01), although litter size was not improved (4.6 vs. 4.4 pups per litter, P = 0.6). After correction for small litter size, multivariate analysis indicated that Pla2g4a-null mice given prostaglandin treatment to improve implantation timing had gestational length that was similar to wild-type and Pla2g4a heterozygous mice. These results indicate that, despite specific Pla2g4a expression and function in term gestation uteri, the delayed parturition phenotype in Pla2g4a-null mice is primarily due to deferral of implantation. The role of PLA2G4A in timely parturition appears to be critically related to its actions in early pregnancy.

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“…PLA 2 and TG hydrolase catalyze the cleavage of FA from PL and TG, which accumulate in the NEFA fraction (27,28). During 45 min after delivery, the NEFA concentration increased significantly, but within the first 10 min no significant changes occurred (Fig.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 98%

Analysis of FA contents in individual lipid fractions from human placental tissue

Klingler

Demmelmair

Larqué

et al. 2003

Lipids

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Data on FA contents in the human placenta are limited. Different methods have been used for the FA analysis, and only percentage results have been presented. We developed and evaluated a method for the determination of FA concentrations in placental tissue. Lipids were extracted from placental tissue with a chloroform/methanol mixture; and phospholipids (PL), nonesterified FA (NEFA), TG, and cholesterol esters (CE) were isolated by TLC. Individual lipid fractions were derivatized with methanolic hydrochloric acid, and the FAME were quantified by GC with FID. The CV of intra-assay (n = 8) of absolute concentrations were evaluated for FA showing a tissue content > 0.01 mg/g. CV ranges were 4.6-11.0% for PL, 6.4-9.3% for NEFA, 6.1-8.9% for TG, and 11.4-16.3% for CE. The relative FA composition across a term placenta indicated no differences between samples of central and peripheral locations of maternal and fetal site (CV 0.5-9.9%), whereas the absolute FA concentrations were only reproducible in the PL fraction (CV 7.0-12.8%). The method shows a reasonably high precision that is well suited for physiological and nutritional studies.

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Expression of cytosolic and secreted forms of phospholipase A2 and cyclooxygenases in human placenta, fetal membranes, and chorionic cell lines☆

Cited by 23 publications

References 22 publications

Effect of Placental Fatty Acid Metabolism and Regulation by Peroxisome Proliferator Activated Receptor on Pregnancy and Fetal Outcomes

Effect of Placental Fatty Acid Metabolism and Regulation by Peroxisome Proliferator Activated Receptor on Pregnancy and Fetal Outcomes

Restoration of On-Time Embryo Implantation Corrects the Timing of Parturition in Cytosolic Phospholipase A2 Group IVA Deficient Mice1

Analysis of FA contents in individual lipid fractions from human placental tissue

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