Expression of fat deposition and fat removal genes is associated with intramuscular fat content in longissimus dorsi muscle of Korean cattle steers1

Abstract

Intramuscular fat (IMF) in cattle is an important component of traits that influence meat quality. We measured carcass characteristics and gene expression in Korean steers to clarify the molecular mechanism(s) underlying IMF deposition in LM tissue by determining the correlation between IMF content and gene expression abundance and by developing models to predict IMF content using gene expression abundance. The deposition of IMF is determined by a balance between fat deposition and fat removal in the LM. We measured mRNA abundance of lipid metabolic genes including lipogenesis [acetyl CoA carboxylase (ACC), fatty acid synthase (FASN)], fatty lipid uptake [lipoprotein lipase (LPL), fatty acid translocase (CD36), fatty acid transport protein 1 (FATP1)], fatty acid esterification [glycerol-3-phosphate acyltransferase 1 (GPAT1), acylglycerol phosphate acyltransferase 1 (AGPAT1), diacylglycerol acyltransferase 1 (DGAT1), DGAT2], lipolysis [adipose triglyceride lipase (ATGL), hormone-sensitive lipase (HSL), monoglyceride lipase (MGL)], and fatty acid oxidation [carnitine palmitoyl transferase 1B, very long-chain acyl-CoA dehydrogenase (VLCAD), medium-chain acyl-CoA dehydrogenase (MCAD)] in the LM. The mRNA abundance of the GPAT1 gene showed the greatest correlation (r = 0.74; P < 0.001) with IMF content among 9 fat deposition genes. The gene expression abundance of other fat deposition genes including ACC, FASN, LPL, CD36, FATP1, AGPAT1, DGAT1, and DGAT2 also exhibited significant positive correlations (P < 0.05) with IMF content in the LM. Conversely, ATGL mRNA abundance showed the greatest negative correlation (r = -0.68; P < 0.001) with IMF content in the LM among 6 fat removal genes. The expression of other fat removal genes including MGL, VLCAD, and MCAD showed significant negative correlations (P < 0.05) with IMF content. Our findings show that the combined effects of increases in lipogenesis, fatty acid uptake, fatty acid esterification, and of decreases in lipolysis and fatty acid oxidation contribute to increasing IMF deposition in Korean steers. The multiple regression analysis revealed that the mRNA abundance of the GPAT1 gene in the LM was the first major variable predicting IMF content (54%) among 15 lipid metabolic genes. The second was mRNA abundance of ATGL (11%). In conclusion, these results suggest that GPAT1 and ATGL genes could be used as genetic markers to predict IMF deposition in the LM.

A gene expression estimator of intramuscular fat percentage for use in both cattle and sheep

“…CIDEA , THRSP , ACSM1 , DGAT2 and FABP4 from the TAG gene set were selected based on their combined ranking in both the cattle and sheep correlation datasets (Table 2). Consistent with our findings, two of these five genes ( DGAT2 and FABP4 ) have also been identified to be correlated with IMF in cattle previously [26,27]. We tested the top 2, top 3, top 4 and top 5 genes above (defined as the “IMF 2–5 gene sets”) to determine whether combinations of the top genes had a higher correlation with IMF% in both species than CIDEA alone.…”

Gene expression profile of intramuscular muscle in Nellore cattle with extreme values of fatty acid

“…As the amount of triglyceride within the adipocyte increases, the total proportion of SFA also increases in relation to other ones [41]. An increase in DGAT2 gene expression was previously demonstrated to be associated with an increase in the amount of intramuscular fat [42]. Thus, these results demonstrate that DGAT2 gene contributed to the accumulation of SFA in the intramuscular tissue during the finishing phase (Fig.…”

Disposable screen-printed sensors for determination of duloxetine hydrochloride

“…It may also used to treat pain caused by nerve damage in people with diabetes [2]. DL is considered among the most important antidepressant drugs therefore, the development of reliable rapid and accurate procedures for this active ingredient quantification is welcomed [3]. A survey of literature showed that several analytical methods have been reported for determination of DL in its pure form, pharmaceutical preparations and biological fluids, where DL is not determined officially in any pharmacopoeia.…”