Aim:The aim was to analyze the expression of novel biological transcription markers, forkhead-box A1 (FOXA1), GATA binding protein 3 (GATA-3), and established markers such as Ki-67 (MIB-1) and human epidermal growth factor receptor 2 (HER2) in estrogen receptor (ER(+)) and ER(-) ductal carcinoma in situ (DCIS) patients with/without recurrence. Methods: Two hundred and ninety-one cases of DCIS were retrieved from our pathology database, with complete data available for 219 cases. The follow-up period is from 1988 to 2009. Recurrence is defi ned in terms of DCIS or invasive carcinoma (IC). No recurrence was seen in 88% (196/219) of cases; 12% (26/219) had a recurrence (IC: 13, DCIS: 13). We are reporting the results of biological marker expression in terms of recurrence and ER status. Results: Our study demonstrates strong expression of GATA-3 in the ER(+) DCIS in recurrence and nonrecurrence groups similar to previously described in IC. A reduced expression of GATA-3 was observed in ER(-) recurrence and nonrecurrence groups. A strong HER2 protein expression, as well as high proliferation index, was seen in recurrence group (DCIS and IC). FOXA1 expression is reduced across the groups though not statistically signifi cant. Conclusion: This is the fi rst study to analyze novel transcription markers FOXA1 and GATA-3 in DCIS. Further work needs to be done on a larger cohort of DCIS cases with recurrence to better understand, which variables are best able to predict recurrence and guide therapy decision strategies. Maintenance of FOXA1 and GATA-3 expression in ER(-) DCIS may offer new promising targets for therapy in future.