Expression of ghrelin and leptin during the development of type 2 diabetes mellitus in a rat model

Zhang, Songyun; Zhang, Qingjiu; Zhang, Lihui; Li, Cege; Jiang, Hui-Qing

doi:10.3892/mmr.2012.1154

Cited by 36 publications

(20 citation statements)

References 33 publications

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“…Increased serum levels of ghrelin are also contrary to the increased levels of insulin, leptin and resistin we found, as previous reports indicate ghrelin reduces insulin secretion and is negatively correlated with leptin and resistin [47], [48], [49], [50]. However, it is important to consider that the assay we used in this study measured total ghrelin and not only the active acylated form of this gastric peptide hormone [51].…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 53%

Effects of the Use of Assisted Reproductive Technologies and an Obesogenic Environment on Resistance Artery Function and Diabetes Biomarkers in Mice Offspring

et al. 2014

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Maternal obesity affects the incidence of cardiovascular disease and diabetes in offspring. Also the use of assisted reproductive technologies (ART) has been associated with cardiovascular deficiencies in offspring. Obese women often suffer from infertility and use ART to achieve a pregnancy, but the combined effects of maternal obesity and ART on cardiovascular health and incidence of diabetes in the offspring is not known. Here, we report the effects of the use of ART within an obesogenic environment, consisting of feeding a western diet (WD) to dams and offspring, on resistance artery function and presence of diabetes biomarkers in juvenile mice offspring. Our results indicate that WD and ART interacted to induce endothelial dysfunction in mesenteric resistance arteries isolated from 7-week-old mice offspring. This was determined by presence of a reduced acetylcholine-induced dilation compared to controls. The arteries from these WD-ART mice also had greater wall cross-sectional areas and wall to lumen ratios indicative of vascular hypertrophic remodeling. Of the diabetes biomarkers measured, only resistin was affected by a WD×ART interaction. Serum resistin was significantly greater in WD-ART offspring compared to controls. Diet and sex effects were observed in other diabetes biomarkers. Our conclusion is that in mice the use of ART within an obesogenic environment interacts to favor the development of endothelial dysfunction in the resistance arteries of juvenile offspring, while having marginal effects on diabetes biomarkers.

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Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 53%

Effects of the Use of Assisted Reproductive Technologies and an Obesogenic Environment on Resistance Artery Function and Diabetes Biomarkers in Mice Offspring

et al. 2014

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“…There are many studies on the effect of diabetes on serum and tissue levels of ghrelin [15,37]. STZ-induced rats were found to have significantly higher serum ghrelin levels.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

The effects of streptozotocin-induced diabetes on ghrelin expression in rat testis: biochemical and immunohistochemical study

Sönmez

Karabulut

Kilic

et al. 2015

Folia Histochem Cytobiol.

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Introduction. Ghrelin is a hormone which has effects on the secretion of growth hormone, gastrointestinal system, cardiovascular system, cell proliferation and reproductive system. The present study we focused on the relation between ghrelin and GHS-R1a gene expression and the regulation of their expression in the testes of diabetic rats. Material and methods. 40 male Wistar albino rats were divided into four groups: control, and sampled 4, 8 and 12 weeks after induction of diabetes by streptozotocin (STZ) intraperitoneal injection (40 mg/kg). The rats were decapitated under ketamine anesthesia and their testes were removed. Blood was obtained from heart and serum follicle stimulating hormone (FSH), luteinizing hormone (LH), and testosterone levels were measured by ELISA. Tissue ghrelin and GHS-R mRNA levels were determined by qRT-PCR, while ghrelin protein expression was studied by immunohistochemistry. Histopathological damage scores were also assessed. Results. Eight weeks after diabetes induction serum FSH level was increased, whereas LH and testosterone concentrations decreased. The ghrelin and GHS-R1a gene expression and ghrelin immunohistochemistry score first tended to increase after first four weeks of diabetes, and then tended to decrease. Ghrelin-immunopositive cells were detected in Leydig cells in all groups of rats, however, not in the germinal epithelium. Congestion of vessels and hemorrhage, formation of the vacuoles in spermatogonia and spermatocytes, desquamation of spermatids in the lumen and disorganization of seminiferous tubule germinal epithelium were observed in testis of all the diabetic rats. In addition, mean testicular biopsy score and mean seminiferous tubule diameter were getting lower in diabetic animals. Conclusion. Our results suggest that diabetes affects ghrelin expression in rat testis.

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“…Diabetes mellitus is a serious and complex metabolic disease that affects the health of individuals worldwide (1). Numerous studies have demonstrated that diabetes mellitus is associated with, and induces, certain cardiovascular diseases (2).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Liraglutide alleviates diabetic cardiomyopathy by blocking CHOP-triggered apoptosis via the inhibition of the IRE-α pathway

Zhao

Cai

et al. 2014

Molecular Medicine Reports

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Clinically, diabetes mellitus is closely associated with and induces certain cardiovascular diseases. The aim of this study was to investigate endoplasmic reticulum (ER) stress-associated apoptosis of diabetic cardiomyopathy (DCM), and explore the protective mechanism of liraglutide. The DCM model was established with a high-fat diet and streptozotocin (STZ). Cardiac function was detected by echocardiogram examination and hematoxylin-eosin staining. ER stress unfolded protein response (UPR) hallmarks [inositol-requiring enzyme-α (IRE-α), p-Perk and ATF6] and transcription factors were detected with western blotting. Apoptosis inducers CHOP, c-Jun amino terminal kinase (JNK) and casapse-12 were also examined with western blotting. The results indicated that liraglutide is capable of improving cardiac function in DCM rats (P<0.05). IRE-α expression was significantly increased in the DCM group compared with the control group (P<0.05), and liraglutide is capable of decreasing IRE-α expression. X-box transcription factor-1 (XBP-1) was significantly spliced in the model group, and downregulated in the liraglutide-treated group. CHOP protein was upregulated in the DCM group, but inactivated by liraglutide treatment. In conclusion, liraglutide is capable of protecting DCM and blocking CHOP-mediated ER stress by inhibiting the IRE-α UPR pathway.

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Expression of ghrelin and leptin during the development of type 2 diabetes mellitus in a rat model

Cited by 36 publications

References 33 publications

Effects of the Use of Assisted Reproductive Technologies and an Obesogenic Environment on Resistance Artery Function and Diabetes Biomarkers in Mice Offspring

Effects of the Use of Assisted Reproductive Technologies and an Obesogenic Environment on Resistance Artery Function and Diabetes Biomarkers in Mice Offspring

The effects of streptozotocin-induced diabetes on ghrelin expression in rat testis: biochemical and immunohistochemical study

Liraglutide alleviates diabetic cardiomyopathy by blocking CHOP-triggered apoptosis via the inhibition of the IRE-α pathway

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