Expression of heat shock genes in<i>Clostridium acetobutylicum</i>

Bahl, Hubert; Müller, Harald; Behrens, Susanne; Joseph, Heinke; Narberhaus, Franz

doi:10.1111/j.1574-6976.1995.tb00217.x

Cited by 55 publications

(9 citation statements)

References 32 publications

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“…Similarly to C. acetobutylicum 824, the transcriptional regulator sigF operon was also confirmed in C. beijerinckii 8052 with the sequencing data that includes the forespore-specific sigma factor gene sigF , the anti-sigF factor gene spoIIAB , and the anti-anti-sigF factor gene spoIIAA (Additional file 3 Table S2). In Bacillus subtilis and C. acetobutylicum , the class I heat shock genes are organized in dnaKJ (organized in the order of hrcA - grpE - dnaK - dnaJ in C. acetobutylicum 824) and groESL ( groES - groEL ) operons [32,33]. The similar organization of dnaKJ and groESL operons for C. beijerinckii 8052 was also observed in this study (Additional file 3 Table S2).…”

Section: Resultssupporting

confidence: 71%

Single-nucleotide resolution analysis of the transcriptome structure of Clostridium beijerinckii NCIMB 8052 using RNA-Seq

Wang

Mao

et al. 2011

BMC Genomics

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BackgroundClostridium beijerinckii is an important solvent producing microorganism. The genome of C. beijerinckii NCIMB 8052 has recently been sequenced. Although transcriptome structure is important in order to reveal the functional and regulatory architecture of the genome, the physical structure of transcriptome for this strain, such as the operon linkages and transcript boundaries are not well understood.ResultsIn this study, we conducted a single-nucleotide resolution analysis of the C. beijerinckii NCIMB 8052 transcriptome using high-throughput RNA-Seq technology. We identified the transcription start sites and operon structure throughout the genome. We confirmed the structure of important gene operons involved in metabolic pathways for acid and solvent production in C. beijerinckii 8052, including pta-ack, ptb-buk, hbd-etfA-etfB-crt (bcs) and ald-ctfA-ctfB-adc (sol) operons; we also defined important operons related to chemotaxis/motility, transcriptional regulation, stress response and fatty acids biosynthesis along with others. We discovered 20 previously non-annotated regions with significant transcriptional activities and 15 genes whose translation start codons were likely mis-annotated. As a consequence, the accuracy of existing genome annotation was significantly enhanced. Furthermore, we identified 78 putative silent genes and 177 putative housekeeping genes based on normalized transcription measurement with the sequence data. We also observed that more than 30% of pseudogenes had significant transcriptional activities during the fermentation process. Strong correlations exist between the expression values derived from RNA-Seq analysis and microarray data or qRT-PCR results.ConclusionsTranscriptome structural profiling in this research provided important supplemental information on the accuracy of genome annotation, and revealed additional gene functions and regulation in C. beijerinckii.

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Section: Resultssupporting

confidence: 71%

Single-nucleotide resolution analysis of the transcriptome structure of Clostridium beijerinckii NCIMB 8052 using RNA-Seq

Wang

Mao

et al. 2011

BMC Genomics

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“…The synthesis of heat shock proteins is probably connected with sporulation in Clostridium spp. [58,62]. In the present work, despite the fact that stress proteins were identified in fed-batch fermentation, the level of enzymes taking part in 1,3-PD synthesis, glycerol dehydratase and 1,3-PD dehydrogenase, did not change.…”

Section: Resultscontrasting

confidence: 61%

“…The literature points to Hsp60 (GroEL) as a protein associated with the response of the genus Clostridium to osmotic, toxic and temperature stresses [58,59]. …”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Scale-up of anaerobic 1,3-propanediol production by Clostridium butyricum DSP1 from crude glycerol

Szymanowska

Białas

2014

BMC Microbiology

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BackgroundAs the production of biofuels from raw materials continuously increases, optimization of production processes is necessary. A very important issue is the development of wasteless methods of biodiesel production. One way of utilization of glycerol generated in biodiesel production is its microbial conversion to 1,3-PD (1,3-propanediol).ResultsThe study investigated the scale-up of 1,3-PD synthesis from crude glycerol by Clostridium butyricum. Batch fermentations were carried out in 6.6 L, 42 L and 150 L bioreactors. It was observed that cultivation of C. butyricum on a pilot scale did not decrease the efficiency of 1,3-PD production. The highest concentrations of 1,3-PD, 37 g/L for batch fermentation and 71 g/L for fed-batch fermentation, were obtained in the 6.6 L bioreactor. The kinetic parameters of 1,3-PD synthesis from crude glycerol established for batch fermentation were similar regarding all three bioreactor capacities. During fed-batch fermentation, the concentration of 1,3-PD in the 150 L bioreactor was lower and the substrate was not completely utilized. That suggested the presence of multifunctional environmental stresses in the 150 L bioreactor, which was confirmed by protein analysis.ConclusionThe values of effectivity parameters for 1,3-PD synthesis in batch fermentations carried out in 6.6 L, 42 L and 150 L bioreactors were similar. The parameters obtained during fed-batch fermentations in the 150 L bioreactor differed in the rate and percentage of substrate utilization. The analysis of cell proteins demonstrated that a number of multifunctional stresses occurred during fed-batch fermentations in the 150 L bioreactor, which suggests the possibility of identifying the key stages in the biochemical process where inhibition of 1,3-PD synthesis pathways can be observed.

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“…Chicken body temperatures vary between 39.8°C and 43.6°C at different times of the day, while the human body temperature is 37°C and the pig body temperature is 38.8°C. Several studies have shown that, at least in pure culture, E. coli, Clostridium acetobutylicum, Lactobacillus plantarum, and Campylobacter jejuni heat shock responses were triggered when the growth temperature was increased to 42°C (16,(27)(28)(29). Thus, the main stress factor might be the higher body temperatures of the chicken gut.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Metaproteomics Analysis Reveals the Adaptation Process for the Chicken Gut Microbiota

Tang

Underwood

Gielbert

et al. 2014

Appl Environ Microbiol

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The animal gastrointestinal tract houses a large microbial community, the gut microbiota, that confers many benefits to its host, such as protection from pathogens and provision of essential metabolites. Metagenomic approaches have defined the chicken fecal microbiota in other studies, but here, we wished to assess the correlation between the metagenome and the bacterial proteome in order to better understand the healthy chicken gut microbiota. Here, we performed high-throughput sequencing of 16S rRNA gene amplicons and metaproteomics analysis of fecal samples to determine microbial gut composition and protein expression. 16 rRNA gene sequencing analysis identified Clostridiales, Bacteroidaceae, and Lactobacillaceae species as the most abundant species in the gut. For metaproteomics analysis, peptides were generated by using the Fasp method and subsequently fractionated by strong anion exchanges. Metaproteomics analysis identified 3,673 proteins. Among the most frequently identified proteins, 380 proteins belonged to Lactobacillus spp., 155 belonged to Clostridium spp., and 66 belonged to Streptococcus spp. The most frequently identified proteins were heat shock chaperones, including 349 GroEL proteins, from many bacterial species, whereas the most abundant enzymes were pyruvate kinases, as judged by the number of peptides identified per protein (spectral counting). Gene ontology and KEGG pathway analyses revealed the functions and locations of the identified proteins. The findings of both metaproteomics and 16S rRNA sequencing analyses are discussed.T he domestic poultry industry is an important livestock sector producing meat and eggs for human consumption, the vast majority of which are produced by large commercial enterprises in intensive industrial systems (1).The gut microbiota carries out vital processes for normal digestive functions of the host, and it can be considered an acquired organ comprising very large numbers of diverse bacterial cells that can perform differing functions (2, 3), perhaps the most commercially important being its contribution to feed conversion. The mature microbiota is highly diverse, with over 1,000 bacterial species in chickens (4). Colonization of the chicken gastrointestinal (GI) tract by commensal bacteria is an ongoing process which begins immediately after hatching, and the microbiota of the small intestine is established by week 2 (5-8). Microbes in the GI tract may be grouped into either commensal organisms or transient and potential pathogens. The commensals are adapted to the host environment and are often considered beneficial by providing vitamins, amino acids, and short-chain fatty acids to the host: acetate, butyrate, and succinate are commonly produced, with butyrate being the preferred energy source for host epithelial cells (9). The normal microbiota also mitigates against pathogens by mechanisms that are not yet fully understood.The gut microbiota is composed of a large number of bacteria comprising very diverse species that are presumed to both compete and co...

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Expression of heat shock genes inClostridium acetobutylicum

Cited by 55 publications

References 32 publications

Single-nucleotide resolution analysis of the transcriptome structure of Clostridium beijerinckii NCIMB 8052 using RNA-Seq

Single-nucleotide resolution analysis of the transcriptome structure of Clostridium beijerinckii NCIMB 8052 using RNA-Seq

Scale-up of anaerobic 1,3-propanediol production by Clostridium butyricum DSP1 from crude glycerol

Metaproteomics Analysis Reveals the Adaptation Process for the Chicken Gut Microbiota

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