Expression of Hepatic Metallothionein Messenger RNA in Feral and Caged Fish Species Correlates with Muscle Mercury Levels

Schlenk, Daniel; Zhang, Y.S.; Nix, J.

doi:10.1006/eesa.1995.1075

Cited by 44 publications

(19 citation statements)

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“…Due to its high sulfhydryl content, MT also displays ROS scavenger activity as part of the antioxidant defense system of the cells (Viarengo et al 2000;Viarengo et al 2007). Schlenk et al (1995) observed a positive correlation between the expression of hepatic MT messenger RNA and Hg levels in fillets of largemouth bass (Micropterus salmoides) and channel catfish (Ictalurus punctatus). Fernandes et al (2008) also described hepatic MT induction in specimens of four-spotted megrim (Lepidorhumbos boscii) and pouting (Trisopterus luscus) that had high amounts of Zn, Cd, Cr and Hg in their livers.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 86%

Inorganic mercury exposure: toxicological effects, oxidative stress biomarkers and bioaccumulation in the tropical freshwater fish matrinxã, Brycon amazonicus (Spix and Agassiz, 1829)

2009

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Alterations in the antioxidant cellular system have often been proposed as biomarkers of pollutant-mediated toxicity. This study evaluated the effects of mercury on oxidative stress biomarkers and bioaccumulation in the liver, gills, white muscle and heart of the freshwater fish matrinxã, Brycon amazonicus, exposed to a nominal and sub-lethal concentration (~20% of 96 h-LC(50)) of 0.15 mg L(-1) of mercury chloride (HgCl(2)) for 96 h in a static system. Increases in superoxide dismutase, catalase, glutathione peroxidase (GPx), glutathione S-transferase (GST) and glutathione reductase (GR) were observed in all tissues after HgCl(2) exposure, except for white muscle GR activity and hepatic GPx. In the liver and gills, the exposure to HgCl(2) also induced significant increases in reduced glutathione (GSH). Conversely, exposure to HgCl(2) caused a significant decrease in the GSH levels and an increase in the oxidized glutathione (GSSG) content in the white muscle, while both GSH and GSSG levels increased significantly in the heart muscle. Metallothionein concentrations were significantly high after HgCl(2) exposure in the liver, gills and heart, but remained at control values in the white muscle. HgCl(2) exposure induced oxidative damage, increasing the lipid peroxidation and protein carbonyl content in all tissues. Mercury accumulated significantly in all the fish tissue. The pattern of accumulation follows the order gills > liver >> heart > white muscle. In conclusion, these data suggest that oxidative stress in response to inorganic mercury exposure could be the main pathway of toxicity induced by this metal in fish.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 86%

Inorganic mercury exposure: toxicological effects, oxidative stress biomarkers and bioaccumulation in the tropical freshwater fish matrinxã, Brycon amazonicus (Spix and Agassiz, 1829)

2009

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“…In this work, we develop mRNA markers for monitoring A. fasciatus exposure to different kinds of pollutants, using known DNA sequences from evolutionarily related species (mainly Cyprinodonts and Percomorphs). Genes used in this analysis included the main metal-responsive metallothionein (MT) gene (Cheung et al, 2004;Navarro et al, 2009;Schlenk et al, 1995;Tom et al, 2004;Van Cleef-Toedt et al, 2001), the egg-forming, liver-expressed vitellogenin (Vtg), a known marker for estrogens (Barucca et al, 2006;Denslow et al, 2001;Garcia-Reyero et al, 2004), the dioxin-like responsive Cytochrome P4501A (CYP1A, Chung-Davidson et al, 2004;Craft et al, 2001;Quirós et al, 2007a;Quirós et al, 2007b), the oxidative stress-related gene Superoxide dismutase (SOD, Cho et al, 2006;Gonzalez et al, 2006;Pandey et al, 2003), and the protein chaperone HSP70, which are involved in the processing of missfolded proteins due to different kinds of stress (Carnevali and Maradonna, 2003;Maradonna and Carnevali, 2007;Schroder et al, 2000;Varo et al, 2002). In addition, probes for two housekeeping genes (ß actin and the elongation translation factor EF1)…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Evaluation of environmental impact on natural populations of the Mediterranean killifish Aphanius fasciatus by quantitative RNA biomarkers

Kessabi

Navarro

Casado

et al. 2010

Marine Environmental Research

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The Mediterranean killifish, Aphanius fasciatus (Valenciennes, 1821) represents an excellent sentinel species for analysis of environmental impact in coastal areas.Quantitative changes on liver mRNA levels of five stress-related genesmetallothionein (metal exposure), vitellogenin, (estrogenic effects), cytochrome P4501A (CYP1A, dioxin-like compounds), superoxide dismutase (oxidative stress) and HSP70 (general stress)-were tested as markers of exposure to pollutants both in natural populations and in experimental treatments with model effectors. Analysis of fish from a metal-contaminated site in the Tunisian coast (Sfax) indicated that fish presenting spinal deformities (eight times more frequent at this site than in reference sites) showed increased levels of hepatic CYP1A mRNA levels compared to non-deformed fish from the same site or from the reference Louza site, suggesting a combined impact by metals and organic pollutants. Due to the strategy used in their design, these quantitative RNA markers will likely be useful to analyze environmental impacts on other related fish species.

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“…Elevated mercury concentrations in fish have often been reported in different marine and freshwater fish from different regions (Storelli et al 2002;Adams 2004;Yamashita et al 2005;Agusa et al 2007;Kataeva et al 2009). Based on the literature, methylmercury is found in fish muscle (fillets) bound to proteins (Schlenk et al 1995;Venkataraman and Kumar 2000). Consequently, skinning, trimming, removing fat or cooking the fish does not significantly reduce the mercury concentration (Gutenmann and Lisk 1991;Burger et al 2003).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Effects of washing pre-treatment on mercury concentration in fish tissue

Hajeb

Jinap

2009

Food Additives & Contaminants: Part A

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The objective of this study was to examine the effect of washing pre-treatment on mercury concentration in fish fillet. Response surface methodology was used to investigate the influence of three variables, pH (1-6.5), NaCl (0-1% w/v) and exposure time (5-30 min) by using a three-factor central composite design. The aim was to obtain the best possible combination of these variables in order to reduce mercury in fish fillet. The experimental data were adequately fitted into a second-order polynomial model with multiple regression coefficients (R(2)) of 0.961. The results indicated that the reduction of mercury in fish flesh significantly depends on the pH of the solution used. The overall optimal condition resulting in the maximum mercury reduction in fish fillet was obtained at a combined level pH of 2.79, NaCl of 0.5% and exposure time of 13.5 min. The optimized protocol produced a solution that can reduce mercury from raw fish fillet up to 81%.

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Expression of Hepatic Metallothionein Messenger RNA in Feral and Caged Fish Species Correlates with Muscle Mercury Levels

Cited by 44 publications

References 0 publications

Inorganic mercury exposure: toxicological effects, oxidative stress biomarkers and bioaccumulation in the tropical freshwater fish matrinxã, Brycon amazonicus (Spix and Agassiz, 1829)

Inorganic mercury exposure: toxicological effects, oxidative stress biomarkers and bioaccumulation in the tropical freshwater fish matrinxã, Brycon amazonicus (Spix and Agassiz, 1829)

Evaluation of environmental impact on natural populations of the Mediterranean killifish Aphanius fasciatus by quantitative RNA biomarkers

Effects of washing pre-treatment on mercury concentration in fish tissue

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