Expression of human endogenous retrovirus K and W in babies

Nali, Luiz Henrique da Silva; Oliveira, Alessandra Conceição de; Alves, Dalila; Caleiro, Giovana Santos; Nunes, Cristina Freitas; Gerhardt, Deborah; Succi, Regina C.M.; Romano, Camila Malta; Machado, Daisy Maria

doi:10.1007/s00705-016-3167-2

Cited by 7 publications

(9 citation statements)

References 31 publications

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“…For what concerns the opposite scenario, Esqueda and coauthors observed a lack of correlation between HML2 expression and HIV-1 viral load in patients' plasma, especially after the careful removal of cellular DNA, which allowed accurate evaluation of HML2 RT-PCR signals [28]. Another study reported an absence of variation in HML2 RNA between infected and uninfected women, but observing an increase of HERV-W expression in HIV-infected mothers that was associated with a slight downregulation in HIV-exposed babies as compared to non-exposed ones [29].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Focusing on the possible effects of HIV infection on HERV transcription, current results are still discordant: on the one side there is a body of literature reporting that HIV infection increases the expression of endogenous elements [22][23][24][25][26][27] while, on the other side, a number of studies propose the absence of such stimulation by HIV [28,29]. It is worth noting that all these studies assess the overall, general expression of one or more genes of a given HERV group, i.e., without connecting the observed transcript to any specific locus and without information regarding primer specificity and cross-reactivity.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Comprehensive Analysis of HERV Transcriptome in HIV+ Cells: Absence of HML2 Activation and General Downregulation of Individual HERV Loci

Grandi

Pisano

Scognamiglio

et al. 2020

Viruses

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Human endogenous retrovirus (HERV) expression is currently studied for its possible activation by HIV infection. In this context, the HERV-K(HML2) group is the most investigated: it has been proposed that HIV-1 infection can prompt HML2 transcription, and that HML2 proteins can affect HIV-1 replication, either complementing HIV or possibly influencing antiretroviral therapy. However, little information is available on the expression of other HERV groups in HIV infection. In the present study, we used a bioinformatics pipeline to investigate the transcriptional modulation of approximately 3250 well-characterized HERV loci, comparing their expression in a public RNA-seq profile, including a HIV-1-infected and a control T cell culture. In our pilot study, we found approximately 200 HERV loci belonging to 35 HERV groups that were expressed in one or both conditions, with transcripts per million (TPM) values from 1 to >500. Intriguingly, HML2 elements constituted only the 3% of expressed HERV loci, and in most cases (160) HERV expression was downregulated in the HIV-infected culture, showing from a 1- to 14-fold decrease as compared to uninfected cells. HERV transcriptome has been inferred de novo and employed to predict a total of about 950 HERV open reading frames (ORFs). These have been validated according to the coding potential and estimated abundance of the corresponding transcripts, leading to a set of 57 putative proteins potentially encoded by 23 HERV loci. Analysis showed that some individual loci have a coding potential that deserves further investigation. Among them, a HML6 provirus at locus 19q13.43 was predicted to produce a transcript showing the highest TPM among HERV-derived transcripts, being upregulated in HIV+ cells and inferred to produce Gag and Env puteins with possible biological activity.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Comprehensive Analysis of HERV Transcriptome in HIV+ Cells: Absence of HML2 Activation and General Downregulation of Individual HERV Loci

Grandi

Pisano

Scognamiglio

et al. 2020

Viruses

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“…After this procedure, cDNA was synthesized using the High capacity cDNA Reverse Transcription kit (Ambion, USA) according the manufacturer’s instructions. Real-time PCRs were performed for the HERV-W, - K and the endogenous gene using the primers and conditions used previously by Nali et al [12] using the Sybr Green method. The primers used are described in Table 1.…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

HERV-K and HERV-W transcriptional activity in Myalgic Encephalomyelitis/ Chronic Fatigue Syndrome

Rodrigues

Nali

Leal

et al. 2019

Preprint

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Chronic Fatigue Syndrome / Myalgic Encephalomyelitis (CFS / MS) is an incapacitating chronic disease that dramatically compromise the life quality. The CFS/ME pathogenesis is multifactorial, and it is believed that immunological, metabolic and environmental factors play a role. It is well documented an increased activity of Human endogenous retroviruses (HERVs) from different families in autoimmune and neurological diseases, making these elements good candidates for biomarkers or even triggers for such diseases. Here the expression of Endogenous retroviruses K and W (HERV–K and HERV–W) was determined in blood from moderately and severely affected ME/CFS patients. HERV-K was overexpressed only in moderately affected individuals and HERV-W showed no difference. This is the first report about HERV-K differential expression in moderate ME/CFS.

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“…The heterochromatin loss model is a fundamental genetic mechanism underlying most of the changes in gene expression observed with senescence ( 92 ). Importantly, HERV expression level in babies is low ( 93 ), but increases considerably in older adults and older people ( 83 ). Importantly, most neurodegenerative and autoimmune diseases also occur in older people ( 94 ).…”

Section: Factors That Contribute For Hervs Expressionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Human endogenous retroviruses and the inflammatory response: A vicious circle associated with health and illness

Rangel

Silva

et al. 2022

Front. Immunol.

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Human Endogenous Retroviruses (HERVs) are derived from ancient exogenous retroviral infections that have infected our ancestors’ germline cells, underwent endogenization process, and were passed throughout the generations by retrotransposition and hereditary transmission. HERVs comprise 8% of the human genome and are critical for several physiological activities. Yet, HERVs reactivation is involved in pathological process as cancer and autoimmune diseases. In this review, we summarize the multiple aspects of HERVs’ role within the human genome, as well as virological and molecular aspects, and their fusogenic property. We also discuss possibilities of how the HERVs are possibly transactivated and participate in modulating the inflammatory response in health conditions. An update on their role in several autoimmune, inflammatory, and aging-related diseases is also presented.

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Expression of human endogenous retrovirus K and W in babies

Cited by 7 publications

References 31 publications

Comprehensive Analysis of HERV Transcriptome in HIV+ Cells: Absence of HML2 Activation and General Downregulation of Individual HERV Loci

Comprehensive Analysis of HERV Transcriptome in HIV+ Cells: Absence of HML2 Activation and General Downregulation of Individual HERV Loci

HERV-K and HERV-W transcriptional activity in Myalgic Encephalomyelitis/ Chronic Fatigue Syndrome

Human endogenous retroviruses and the inflammatory response: A vicious circle associated with health and illness

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