Expression of human hepatic genes in mouse hepatoma-Human amniocyte hybrids

Rankin, J. K.; Darlington, Gretchen J.

doi:10.1007/bf01538781

Cited by 34 publications

(5 citation statements)

References 23 publications

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“…It was shown first by Weiss and coworkers (19,20) that the fusion of albumin-synthesizing rat hepatoma cells with nonhepatic mouse cells can result in the activation of the mouse albumin gene. Similar results have been obtained in the activation of the human albumin gene in hybrids formed between mouse hepatoma cells and human cells (21,22). The study of the activation phenomenon has also been extended to several other systems (1)(2)(3).…”

supporting

confidence: 68%

Epigenetic activation of phenylalanine hydroxylase in mouse erythroleukemia cells by the cytoplast of rat hepatoma cells.

Gopalakrishnan¹,

Anderson²

1979

Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U.S.A.

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Friend mouse erythroleukemia cells do not synthesize detectable levels of phenylalanine hydroxylase phenylalanine 4-monooxygenase; L-phenylalanine, tetrahydropteridine:oxygen oxidoreductase (4-hydroxylating), EC 1.14.16.11 and hence are unable to grow in medium totally lacking tyrosine. These cells were fused with the cytoplasts of rat hepatoma cells that synthesize phenylalanine hydroxylase constitutively. Cytoplasmic hybrids [cybrids, Bunn, C MATERIALS AND METHODS Cells. FT-2 is a clonal line derived from rat hepatoma cell line FU-5-5 (12) by cloning in Tyr-medium (regular growth medium lacking tyrosine and supplemented with 2 times concentrated phenylalanine and 10% dialyzed fetal calf serum [GIBCO]). This cell line is also resistant to 6-thioguanine and ouabain and grows with the same rate in medium either with or without tyrosine. C19TK is a clonal line of MEL 745 cells, which grows in suspension and is resistant to 0.1 mM BrdUrd; it was kindly provided by R. Rifkind. The rat glioma cell line C6 was obtained from American Type Culture Collection (CCL 107). All the cells were grown in medium W10 (modified improved minimum essential medium supplemented with 10% fetal calf serum) (13).Enucleation and Cell Fusion. FT-2 cells were enucleated on concanavalin A-coated plastic coverslips according to the method of Gopalakrishnan and Thompson (14) with the slight modification that centrifugation was at 14,000 rpm for 50 min at 30'C. When enucleating C6 cells, we added 1 ,ig of Colcemid per ml to the enucleation medium. The enucleated cells on concanavalin A-coated coverslips were fused with MEL cells as described (9). After fusion, the coverslips were washed twice with W10 medium and placed in 100-mm dishes in W10 with penicillin, streptomycin, and 2.5 ,ug of fungizone (GIBCO)

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supporting

confidence: 68%

Epigenetic activation of phenylalanine hydroxylase in mouse erythroleukemia cells by the cytoplast of rat hepatoma cells.

Gopalakrishnan¹,

Anderson²

1979

Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U.S.A.

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“…I n a few cases the re-expressed liver-specific functions were found to be coded by both parental cell types, suggesting activation of previously silent liver-specific genes from the non-hepatic parent (Brown & Weiss, 1975;Bertolotti, 1977). In several more recent experiments involving fusion of rodent hepatoma lines and diploid human cells of non-parenchymal origin, some expression of human liver-specific proteins has been found (Rankin & Darlington, 1979;Darlington et aE. 1981 ; Pearson et al 1981 a, b).…”

Section: Tyrosine Aminotransferase (Tat)mentioning

confidence: 96%

Regulation of expression of liver‐specific enzymes

Kielty

Povey

Hopkinson

1982

Annals of Human Genetics

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1. The expression of twelve liver-specific enzymes was analysed in twenty-one independent rat hepatoma X human somatic cell hybrids, and in some cases up to forty-one subclones were also tested. 2. Seventeen hybrids continued to express most of the rat liver-specific enzymes and in some cases human isozymes of glutamate-pyruvate transaminase, alpha-glycerophosphate dehydrogenase, guanine deaminase, alcohol dehydrogenase and pyruvate kinase were clearly identified. 3. Analysis of the segregation of the human liver-specific enzymes in these hybrids led to the assignment of human GPT to chromosome 8 (previously reported, Kielty, Povey & Hopkinson, 1982) and suggests the assignment of human GPD1 to chromosome 12. 4. The expression of the various liver-specific enzymes in these hybrids appeared to be controlled by independent regulatory mechanisms. 5. Four unusual reverse segregant hybrids were also analysed, and in these no liver-specific enzyme activity was demonstrable.

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“…In 1965, Harris et al 44 described fusions between mature chicken erythrocytes and HeLa cells, with the consequent reactivation of RNA synthesis and reexpression of chicken-specific genes. Later experiments demonstrated reactivation of human liver-specific transcripts when human amniocytes were fused to mouse hepatoma cells, [45][46][47] whereas neural stem cells or bone marrow-derived cells cocultured with ESCs have been found to fuse and retain both adult markers and pluripotent potential. 48,49 Thus, adult stem cells fusing with somatic cells might generate a hybrid cell that could express a wider range of lineage-specific genes than normal differentiated derivatives, so mimicking apparent plasticity.…”

Section: Adult-derived Stem Cellsmentioning

confidence: 99%

A Prospective on Stem Cell Research

Gokhale¹,

Andrews²

2006

Semin Reprod Med

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Stem cell research has stimulated considerable recent interest, but the concepts are old. Nevertheless, our understanding of the basic biology of different stem cell systems is poor. Many questions remain to be answered: How can we recognize stem cells? Are the underlying control mechanisms common to different types of stem cell, the so-called stemness concept, or is the control of self-renewal and commitment distinct in different stem cell types? What is the significance of differences in stem cells from different species? Do stem cells from somatic tissues really show plasticity with an ability to generate cells from distinct lineages, or are the observed examples consequences of experimental artifact, or rare events of no physiological significance? Do genetic mutations in the genes controlling stem cell self-renewal and differentiation lie at the heart of carcinogenesis? Answers to these and related questions now offer exciting future possibilities for both basic biology and medicine.

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Expression of human hepatic genes in mouse hepatoma-Human amniocyte hybrids

Cited by 34 publications

References 23 publications

Epigenetic activation of phenylalanine hydroxylase in mouse erythroleukemia cells by the cytoplast of rat hepatoma cells.

Epigenetic activation of phenylalanine hydroxylase in mouse erythroleukemia cells by the cytoplast of rat hepatoma cells.

Regulation of expression of liver‐specific enzymes

A Prospective on Stem Cell Research

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