Expression of immediate-early genes in the inferior colliculus and auditory cortex in salicylate-induced tinnitus in rat

Hu, Shousen; Mei, Ling; Chen, J.Y.; Huang, Zhiwu; Wu, Hao

doi:10.4081/ejh.2014.2294

Cited by 32 publications

(42 citation statements)

References 52 publications

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“…Classical conditioning methods also have been used successfully for tinnitus screening (Jastreboff et al, 1988;Brennan and Jastreboff, 1991;Jastreboff and Sasaki, 1994). Those methods tend to be avoided in contemporary tinnitus research because training involves exposure to inescapable electric shocks.…”

Section: Sound Classification Trainingmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Conditioned responses extinguish without reinforcement (Brennan and Jastreboff, 1991;Jastreboff and Sasaki, 1994), potentially disrupting the behavioral patterns that indicate a positive tinnitus test. In our paradigm, the extinction of unreinforced drinking behavior would be incorrectly interpreted as a negative test.…”

Section: Generalization Testingmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Controversial procedures persist when there is no clear alternative (Luo et al, 2012;Norman et al, 2012;Pace and Zhang, 2013;Park et al, 2013;Hu et al, 2014). Given the contentious state of tinnitus screening, investigators must learn to recognize the limitations of their behavioral assays and how those limitations impact experimental outcomes.…”

Section: Future Considerationsmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Improving the Reliability of Tinnitus Screening in Laboratory Animals

Jones

May

2016

JARO

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Behavioral screening remains a contentious issue for animal studies of tinnitus. Most paradigms base a positive tinnitus test on an animal's natural tendency to respond to the Bsound^of tinnitus as if it were an actual sound. As a result, animals with tinnitus are expected to display soundconditioned behaviors when no sound is present or to miss gaps in background sounds because tinnitus Bfills in the gap.^Reliable confirmation of the behavioral indications of tinnitus can be problematic because the reinforcement contingencies of conventional discrimination tasks break down an animal's tendency to group tinnitus with sound. When responses in silence are rewarded, animals respond in silence regardless of their tinnitus status. When responses in silence are punished, animals stop responding. This study introduces stimulus classification as an alternative approach to tinnitus screening. Classification procedures train animals to respond to the common perceptual features that define a group of sounds (e.g., high pitch or narrow bandwidth). Our procedure trains animals to drink when they hear tinnitus and to suppress drinking when they hear other sounds. Animals with tinnitus are revealed by their tendency to drink in the presence of unreinforced probe sounds that share the perceptual features of the tinnitus classification. The advantages of this approach are illustrated by taking laboratory rats through a testing sequence that includes classification training, the experimental induction of tinnitus, and postinduction screening. Behavioral indications of tinnitus are interpreted and then verified by simulating a known tinnitus percept with objective sounds.

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Section: Sound Classification Trainingmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Generalization Testingmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Future Considerationsmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Improving the Reliability of Tinnitus Screening in Laboratory Animals

Jones

May

2016

JARO

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“…22-42 Here again, multiple immunohistochemical assays have mostly been used to identify pathogenetic factors or to relate the changes in protein expression with tissue remodeling, 22,29-33 or the progression of the disease. 23-28,34,35 Interestingly, cartilage, bone and dentin in different pathologies were especially investigated, 36-41 which demonstrates the unique role of histochemistry in studying these tissues under normal or pathological conditions. 42 …”

Section: Tumor Biology and Markers Non-tumors Diseases Experimental Mmentioning

confidence: 99%

Is there still room for novelty, in histochemical papers?

Pellicciari

2016

Eur J Histochem

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Histochemistry continues to be widely applied in biomedical research, being nowadays mostly addressed to detect and locate single molecules or molecular complexes inside cells and tissues, and to relate structural organization and function at the high resolution of the more advanced microscopical techniques. In the attempt to see whether histochemical novelties may be found in the recent literature, the articles published in the European Journal of Histochemistry in the period 2014-2016 have been reviewed. In the majority of the published papers, standardized methods have been preferred by scientists to make their results reliably comparable with the data in the literature, but several papers (approximately one fourth of the published articles) described novel histochemical methods and procedures. It is worth noting that there is a growing interest for minimally-invasive in vivo techniques (magnetic resonance imaging, autofluorescence spectroscopy), which may parallel conventional histochemical analyses to acquire evidence not only on the morphological features of living organs and tissues, but also on their functional, biophysical and molecular characteristics. Thanks to this unceasing methodological refinement, histochemistry will continue to provide innovative applications in the biomedical field.

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“…A number of studies have examined the effects of salicylate on the balance of excitation and inhibition in the IC, in an attempt to understand the mechanisms underlying direct salicylate-induced hyper-excitability. Using the GPIAS approach to confirm tinnitus, Hu et al ( 96 ) found that salicylate-induced reversible plastic changes in the IC. Specifically, they demonstrated an increase in the NR2B subunit of NMDA receptors, yet decreased expression of the immediate-early genes for Arc (activity-regulated cytoskeleton-associated protein) and Egr-1 (early growth response protein 1) in both the IC and auditory cortex of rats.…”

Section: Ic Pathology In Models Of Pharmacologically Induced Tinnitusmentioning

confidence: 99%

Tinnitus-Related Changes in the Inferior Colliculus

Berger

Coomber

2015

Front. Neurol.

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Tinnitus is highly complex, diverse, and difficult to treat, in part due to the fact that the underlying causes and mechanisms remain elusive. Tinnitus is generated within the auditory brain; however, consolidating our understanding of tinnitus pathophysiology is difficult due to the diversity of reported effects and the variety of implicated brain nuclei. Here, we focus on the inferior colliculus (IC), a midbrain structure that integrates the vast majority of ascending auditory information and projects via the thalamus to the auditory cortex. The IC is also a point of convergence for corticofugal input and input originating outside the auditory pathway. We review the evidence, from both studies with human subjects and from animal models, for the contribution the IC makes to tinnitus. Changes in the IC, caused by either noise exposure or drug administration, involve fundamental, heterogeneous alterations in the balance of excitation and inhibition. However, differences between hearing loss-induced pathology and tinnitus-related pathology are not well understood. Moreover, variability in tinnitus induction methodology has a significant impact on subsequent neural and behavioral changes, which could explain some of the seemingly contradictory data. Nonetheless, the IC is likely involved in the generation and persistence of tinnitus perception.

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Expression of immediate-early genes in the inferior colliculus and auditory cortex in salicylate-induced tinnitus in rat

Cited by 32 publications

References 52 publications

Improving the Reliability of Tinnitus Screening in Laboratory Animals

Improving the Reliability of Tinnitus Screening in Laboratory Animals

Is there still room for novelty, in histochemical papers?

Tinnitus-Related Changes in the Inferior Colliculus

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