Expression of NADPH Oxidase Isoform 1 (Nox1) in Human Placenta: Involvement in Preeclampsia

Abstract

Increased oxidative stress in the placenta has been associated with preeclampsia (PE), a clinical syndrome involving placental pathology. The enzymatic sources of reactive oxygen species in the human placenta are as yet unidentified. We hypothesized that NADPH oxidase is a main source of reactive oxygen species in the placenta and its expression may change in PE. Employing RTPCR, we have amplified a novel NADPH oxidase isoform Nox1 from human choriocarcinoma BeWo cells. Using polyclonal anti-peptide antiserum recognizing unique Nox1 peptide sequences, we identified by immunohistochemistry and cell fractionation that Nox1 protein localizes in the BeWo cell membrane structures. Immunohistochemistry of normal placental tissues showed that Nox1 was localized in syncytiotrophoblasts, in villous vascular endothelium, and in some stromal cells. At the immunohistochemical level Nox1 expression was significantly increased in syncytiotrophoblast and endothelial cells in placentas from patients with preeclampsia as compared to gestational agematched controls. Western blot analysis of whole placental homogenate confirmed this increase. Our data suggests that increased Nox1 expression is associated with the increased oxidative stress found in these placentas.

Chronic Tempol Prevents Hypertension, Proteinuria, and Poor Feto-Placental Outcomes in BPH/5 Mouse Model of Preeclampsia

“…21,22 In normal pregnancy this is balanced by induction of antioxidant enzymes. 20 An imbalance in these pro-and antioxidant forces has been proposed to lead to increased placental oxidative stress and the development of preeclampsia.…”

Oxidative stress in pregnant women with diabetes mellitus

“…При СД происходят изменения экспрес-сии и активности НАДФ-оксидазы. При этом повышается экспрессия практически всех субъединиц НАДФ-оксидаз (p22phox, p47phox, p67) как в трофобласте, так и в глад-комышечных клетках плаценты [12].…”

Association of Nox1 and Vinculin With Colon Cancer Progression

“…Nox1 is expressed in various cell types and tissues including colon epithelial cells, vascular smooth muscle cells, endothelium, uterus, placenta, prostate, osteoclasts, and retinal pericytes (13)(14)(15)(16)(17), and it is overexpressed in a number of cancer cells including colon cancer, gastric cancer, and prostate cancer (2,18). Expression of Nox1 seems to be relatively high in colon epithelial cells than that in other normal cell types (19).…”