Expression of Orexin A and its Receptor 1 in the Bovine Urethroprostatic Complex

Abstract

Orexin A (oxA) and orexin B are recently discovered peptides derived from the proteolytic cleavage of the common precursor prepro-orexin. They bind two G protein-coupled receptors, defined orexin 1 (ox1R) and orexin 2 receptor. Both peptides are highly expressed in the lateral hypothalamic area of the brain and are involved in the regulation of many functions of the body, the best investigated of which is food intake. Recent data described the presence of orexins in peripheral organs such as the adrenal glands, stomach, bowel, pancreas, and testis. Here, we report the detection of oxA and ox1R in the exocrine and endocrine cytotypes of the cattle urethroprostatic complex by using immunohistochemistry. The expression of prepro-orexin and ox1R mRNA transcripts in the prostatic tissue was assessed by reverse-transcriptase polymerase chain reaction, while the presence of both the proteins in the tissue was confirmed by Western blotting analysis. Our findings provide the first evidence for the presence of oxA and ox1R in the urethroprostatic complex of the cattle and demonstrate that both proteins are locally synthesized, thus suggesting a role for oxA on both physiological and pathological functioning of the complex.

Expression of Orexin A and Its Receptor 1 in the Vestibular Glands of the Cattle Genital Tract

“…The small differences observed in the molecular mass of ox1R (50-55 kDa) is thought to be mainly because of the extent of glycosylation. We previously demonstrated that oxA and ox1R are found in the exocrine cells of cattle prostate in which they show distribution patterns and immunohistochemical peculiarities closely similar to those here described in the vestibular glands (Russo et al, 2008).…”

“…The human bowel contains NE cells costoring 5-HT and oxA whose secretion could stimulate both intrinsic and extrinsic primary afferent neurons (Kirchgessner and Liu, 1999). The peptide oxA has recently been found in NE cells of the cattle urethra (Russo et al, 2008), where 5-HT is widespread diffused. The amine, in fact, is the main product of the NE cells scattered along the urogenital tract of humans of both sexes (Fetissof et al, 1983), dog (Hanyu et al, 1987), and sheep (Vittoria et al, 1990).…”

“…We recently demonstrated the presence of oxA and ox1R in the urethroprostatic complex of cattle (Russo et al, 2008). In this study, the expression of oxA and ox1R in the vestibular glands of cattle genital tract has been investigated.…”

“…The material, finely cut in small pieces, was processed for immunohistochemistry, reverse-transcriptase polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR), and Western blotting analyses by the procedures previously described (Russo et al, 2008).…”

Lack of expression of preproorexin and orexin receptors genes in human normal and prostate cancer cell lines

“…OXs and OXRs are also expressed in the male reproductive system and data are available among others for human, cattle, sheep and chicken [9][10][11][12][13][14][15] www.fhc.viamedica.pl our group demonstrated on both mRNA and protein levels (Western blot and immunocytochemistry) low expression of OXR2 in normal human prostate and elevated expression of this gene in benign prostatic hyperplasia (BPH) but we were unable to demonstrate expression of ppOX and OXR1 in studied samples [16]. However, in 2013 expression of OXA and OXR1 in human prostate and expression of OXR1 in human normal prostate epithelium immortalized cell line (PNT1A) was reported [17].…”