Expression of porcine transcription factors and genes related to fatty acid metabolism in different tissues and genetic populations.

Abstract

Several transcription factors are involved in regulating lipid metabolism in various tissues of animals. Adipocyte determination and differentiation-dependent factor 1 (ADD1), peroxisome proliferator activated receptor alpha (PPAR alpha), and peroxisome proliferator activated receptor gamma (PPAR gamma) regulate both lipogenesis and fatty acid oxidation. We determined the tissue distribution and genetic difference in mRNA concentrations of these transcription factors in two genetic populations of pigs (Newsham XL-sired Newsham Landrace x Large White Duroc and Duroc-sired US Yorkshire x Duroc-Landrace). We also determined the tissue distribution and genetic difference in the mRNA concentration of fatty acid synthase (FAS) and acyl-CoA oxidase (ACO). Our data showed that ADD1 was highly expressed in adipose tissue and liver and that mRNA concentrations of ADD1 were similar between the two genotypes. The PPAR alpha mRNA concentration was high in adipose tissue and was similar between the two genotypes. In both populations, PPAR gamma mRNA was detected only in adipose tissue. There was no difference between the two genotypes in PPAR gamma mRNA concentration. The ACO mRNA was expressed in adipose tissue, skeletal muscle, and liver with no difference between genotypes. The FAS mRNA concentration in adipose tissue was seven times higher than that in the liver. There was no detectable FAS mRNA in skeletal muscle. These data support the concept that pig adipose tissue has considerable capability for fatty acid oxidation and synthesis. The uniqueness of expression patterns for FAS and ADD1 mRNA further indicates that adipose tissue is significantly involved in fatty acid and triacylglycerol synthesis in pigs.

Modulation of peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor δ and γ transcripts in swine endometrial tissue during early gestation

“…As previously reported for human, mouse, and rat tissue distribution studies (Tontonoz et al 1993, Shimomura et al 1997, Kim et al 1998a, we were able to detect ADD1 transcript in pig liver, kidney, lung, ovary, skeletal muscle, adipose tissues, heart, and brain. Our results are in contrast with those of Ding et al (1999Ding et al ( , 2000, who reported ADD1 transcripts to be undetectable in pig kidney and skeletal muscle. In the current study, we used an adult sow to perform tissue distribution analysis, whereas Ding et al (1999Ding et al ( , 2000 used much younger pigs (20-30 kg).…”

“…Our results are in contrast with those of Ding et al (1999Ding et al ( , 2000, who reported ADD1 transcripts to be undetectable in pig kidney and skeletal muscle. In the current study, we used an adult sow to perform tissue distribution analysis, whereas Ding et al (1999Ding et al ( , 2000 used much younger pigs (20-30 kg). Thus, it would be of interest to further study pig ADD1 transcripts in these tissues through musculoskeletal maturation.…”

GH and insulin affect fatty acid synthase activity in isolated porcine adipocytes in culture without any modifications of sterol regulatory element binding protein-1 expression

“…The pattern of expression of SREBP-1 we observed in adipocytes, i.e. two bands of approximately 5 kb in length, is similar to that reported for pig adipose tissue (Ding et al 2000, Gondret et al 2001 and for freshly isolated rat adipocytes (Palmer et al 2002).…”

ZBTB16 Overexpression Enhances White Adipogenesis and Induces Brown-Like Adipocyte Formation of Bovine White Intramuscular Preadipocytes

“…It might be possible that different species and/ or intrinsic depot-specific differences for fat cells contribute to the contradictory results for adipogenesis. For example, conjugated linoleic acid isomer caused an inhibition of differentiation in 3T3-L1 cells [32], but the contrary was found in pig primary preadipocytes [33]. Since data about the effect of ZBTB16 gene on adipogenesis is limited.…”