Expression of SoxC Transcription Factors during Zebrafish Retinal and Optic Nerve Regeneration

Mu, Zhaoxia; Zhang, Shuqiang; He, Chunjiao; Hou, Hongying; Liu, Dong; Hu, Nan; Xu, Hui

doi:10.1007/s12264-016-0073-2

Cited by 16 publications

(7 citation statements)

References 38 publications

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“…Adult wild‐type (AB), Tg ( 1016tuba1a:GFP ) (Fausett & Goldman, ), Tg ( mpeg1:nsfB‐mCherry ), Tg ( mpeg1:EGFP ) (Ellett, Pase, Hayman, Andrianopoulos, & Lieschke, ), and Tg ( gfap:GFP ) (Bernardos, Barthel, Meyers, & Raymond, ) transgenic fish were maintained at 28°C on a 14:10‐hr light/dark cycle. The mechanical retinal injury was described previously (Mu et al, ; Zhang et al, ). Briefly, zebrafish were anesthetized in 0.02% Tricaine (Sigma‐Aldrich, St. Louis, MO, USA) in system water.…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Inflammation‐induced mammalian target of rapamycin signaling is essential for retina regeneration

Zhang

Hou

et al. 2019

Glia

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Upon retina injury, Müller glia in the zebrafish retina respond by generating multipotent progenitors to repair the retina. However, the complete mechanisms underlying retina regeneration remain elusive. Here we report inflammation‐induced mammalian target of rapamycin (mTOR) signaling in the Müller glia is essential for retina regeneration in adult zebrafish. We show after a stab injury, mTOR is rapidly activated in Müller glia and later Müller glia‐derived progenitor cells (MGPCs). Importantly, mTOR is required for Müller glia dedifferentiation, as well as the proliferation of Müller glia and MGPCs. Interestingly, transient mTOR inhibition by rapamycin only reversibly suppresses MGPC proliferation, while its longer suppression by knocking down Raptor significantly inhibits the regeneration of retinal neurons. We further show mTOR promotes retina regeneration by regulating the mRNA expression of key reprogramming factors ascl1a and lin‐28a, cell cycle‐related genes and critical cytokines. Surprisingly, we identify microglia/macrophage‐mediated inflammation as an important upstream regulator of mTOR in the Müller glia and it promotes retina regeneration through mTOR. Our study not only demonstrates the important functions of mTOR but also reveals an interesting link between inflammation and the mTOR signaling during retina regeneration.

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Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Retinas were collected and total RNA was isolated using the TRIzol reagent (Thermo Fisher Scientific, Waltham, MA, USA). Reverse transcription PCR (RT‐PCR) and quantitative PCR (qPCR) were performed as described previously (Mu et al, ). Primers for RT‐PCR and qPCR were listed in Table .…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Inflammation‐induced mammalian target of rapamycin signaling is essential for retina regeneration

Zhang

Hou

et al. 2019

Glia

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“…For tubulin antibody staining, we fixed larvae with 2% trichloroacetic acid in PBS for 3 h at room temperature. For other antibodies, we fixed larvae overnight at 4°C in 4% paraformaldehyde (PFA) in PBS supplemented with sucrose (4% w/v) [ 13 ]. The larvae were rinsed 3 times in 1×PBST (1×PBS and 0.8% Triton) for 10 min each.…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

The Joubert Syndrome Gene arl13b is Critical for Early Cerebellar Development in Zebrafish

et al. 2020

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Joubert syndrome is characterized by unique malformation of the cerebellar vermis. More than thirty Joubert syndrome genes have been identified, including ARL13B. However, its role in cerebellar development remains unexplored. We found that knockdown or knockout of arl13b impaired balance and locomotion in zebrafish larvae. Granule cells were selectively reduced in the corpus cerebelli, a structure homologous to the mammalian vermis. Purkinje cell progenitors were also selectively disturbed dorsomedially. The expression of atoh1 and ptf1, proneural genes of granule and Purkinje cells, respectively, were selectively down-regulated along the dorsal midline of the cerebellum. Moreover, wnt1, which is transiently expressed early in cerebellar development, was selectively reduced. Intriguingly, activating Wnt signaling partially rescued the granule cell defects in arl13b mutants. These findings suggested that Arl13b is necessary for the early development of cerebellar granule and Purkinje cells. The arl13b-deficient zebrafish can serve as a model organism for studying Joubert syndrome. Keywords Joubert syndrome Á arl13b Á Cerebellum Á Development Á Granule cell Á Purkinje cell Á Wnt Jian Zhu and Han-Tsing Wang have contributed equally to this work.

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“…Gene expression analysis of sox2 morpholino knockouts has also shown to cause a significant reduction in ascl1a and lin28 levels, which states its importance in reprogramming. 105 , 106 Myc is another well‐known pluripotency inducing transcriptional activator, 107 and in zebrafish it has been found to regulate lin28 positively via ascl1a expression and negatively via Myc histone deacetylase ( hdac ) inhibition of her4.1 , a delta notch effector. 108 Oct4 is another transcription factor that, apart from upregulating regeneration‐associated genes, regulates proliferation and cell cycle exit respectively via inhibiting and eventually inducing transforming growth factor β (Tgfβ) signaling.…”

Section: Retinal Stem Cells In Different Vertebratesmentioning

confidence: 99%

An insight on established retinal injury mechanisms and prevalent retinal stem cell activation pathways in vertebrate models

Sherpa

Hui

2021

Anim Models and Exp Med

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The brain processes visual information when light energy transduces into neural activity in the retina. The close-knit components of the central nervous system (CNS), the brain, and its extension retina are thus the critical players in visual perception, thereby aiding in daily activities. While the brain remains well protected inside the skull, the eyes are quite susceptible to physical injuries and chemical accidents. 1 Furthermore, one's genetic makeup and increasing age also invite multiple numbers of eye diseases such as retinitis pigmentosa (RP), age-related macular degeneration (AMD), glaucoma, etc All this has contributed to the recent "World Reports on vision (2019)," which shows that a whopping 2.2 billion people globally fell victim to visual impairment in the past year. 2 The discovery of the existence of adult retinal stem/progenitor cells among different vertebrate species 3 and its high reparative activity in the case of lower vertebrates has presented us with a possibility to "self-heal" the retina one day. 4 Consequently, high regeneration competent animals, which include the amphibian newts and Xenopus, teleost zebrafish (Danio rerio), and chick are thus being explored 5 to investigate different genetic and epigenetic features, signaling pathways, and factors 6,7 that regulate stem cell activation, thus gradually filling in the gaps of our knowledge of mammals, which appear to be the least competent among the group. 8 With the hope of updating and giving researchers an idea about how these animal models have significantly shaped our understanding of the retinal regeneration process, in this review,

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Expression of SoxC Transcription Factors during Zebrafish Retinal and Optic Nerve Regeneration

Cited by 16 publications

References 38 publications

Inflammation‐induced mammalian target of rapamycin signaling is essential for retina regeneration

Inflammation‐induced mammalian target of rapamycin signaling is essential for retina regeneration

The Joubert Syndrome Gene arl13b is Critical for Early Cerebellar Development in Zebrafish

An insight on established retinal injury mechanisms and prevalent retinal stem cell activation pathways in vertebrate models

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