Expression of the heat shock gene clpL of Streptococcus thermophilus is induced by both heat and cold shock

Varcamonti, Mario; Arsenijevic, Slavica; Martirani, Luca; Fusco, Daniela; Naclerio, Gino; Felice, Maurilio De

doi:10.1186/1475-2859-5-6

Cited by 28 publications

(26 citation statements)

References 23 publications

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“…In contrast, ClpX is not essential in S. mutans (304). Phenotypic studies with mutant strains lacking functional ClpP, ClpL, ClpE, or ClpB revealed the central role of these proteins under stress conditions and, for pathogenic LAB species, in virulence (303,(305)(306)(307)(308). In contrast to the situation in B. subtilis, LAB clpC mutants usually do not exhibit stress-sensitive phenotypes (306,309).…”

Section: Treating Damaged Macromoleculesmentioning

confidence: 95%

“…Cold shock of S. thermophilus is accompanied by increased production of GroEL and ClpL (296,307). Furthermore, the clpL knockout mutant of S. thermophilus is cold sensitive (307). Cold shock conditions increase the synthesis of DnaK and GroEL in Leuconostoc mesenteroides (288) and of sHSPs in Lb.…”

Section: Treating Damaged Macromoleculesmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…While cold and heat shocks are considered highly separate processes in E. coli and B. subtilis (337), recent evidence indicates that these responses are interconnected in LAB (338). Cold shock of S. thermophilus is accompanied by increased production of GroEL and ClpL (296,307). Furthermore, the clpL knockout mutant of S. thermophilus is cold sensitive (307).…”

Section: Treating Damaged Macromoleculesmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Stress Physiology of Lactic Acid Bacteria

Papadimitriou

Alegría

Bron

et al. 2016

Microbiol Mol Biol Rev

540

404

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SUMMARYLactic acid bacteria (LAB) are important starter, commensal, or pathogenic microorganisms. The stress physiology of LAB has been studied in depth for over 2 decades, fueled mostly by the technological implications of LAB robustness in the food industry. Survival of probiotic LAB in the host and the potential relatedness of LAB virulence to their stress resilience have intensified interest in the field. Thus, a wealth of information concerning stress responses exists today for strains as diverse as starter (e.g.,Lactococcus lactis), probiotic (e.g., severalLactobacillusspp.), and pathogenic (e.g.,EnterococcusandStreptococcusspp.) LAB. Here we present the state of the art for LAB stress behavior. We describe the multitude of stresses that LAB are confronted with, and we present the experimental context used to study the stress responses of LAB, focusing on adaptation, habituation, and cross-protection as well as on self-induced multistress resistance in stationary phase, biofilms, and dormancy. We also consider stress responses at the population and single-cell levels. Subsequently, we concentrate on the stress defense mechanisms that have been reported to date, grouping them according to their direct participation in preserving cell energy, defending macromolecules, and protecting the cell envelope. Stress-induced responses of probiotic LAB and commensal/pathogenic LAB are highlighted separately due to the complexity of the peculiar multistress conditions to which these bacteria are subjected in their hosts. Induction of prophages under environmental stresses is then discussed. Finally, we present systems-based strategies to characterize the “stressome” of LAB and to engineer new food-related and probiotic LAB with improved stress tolerance.

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Section: Treating Damaged Macromoleculesmentioning

confidence: 95%

Section: Treating Damaged Macromoleculesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Treating Damaged Macromoleculesmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Stress Physiology of Lactic Acid Bacteria

Papadimitriou

Alegría

Bron

et al. 2016

Microbiol Mol Biol Rev

540

404

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“…Protein expression is affected by a large number of factors, including species, strain, growth phase, culture media and conditions, sub-lethal stresses, etc. In relatively simple situations SDS-WCP can be used to visualize changes in the expression of single proteins affected by mutations, growth phase or stress adaptation treatments (Castaldo et al 2006;Fiocco et al 2007;Gonzàlez-Màrquez et al 1997;Varcamonti et al 2006). In some cases the identification of the protein whose expression is affected by growth phase or stress is straightforward (Castaldo et al 2006;Fiocco et al 2007;Varcamonti et al 2006), but comparison between treatments are not usually made in a quantitative way.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 97%

“…In relatively simple situations SDS-WCP can be used to visualize changes in the expression of single proteins affected by mutations, growth phase or stress adaptation treatments (Castaldo et al 2006;Fiocco et al 2007;Gonzàlez-Màrquez et al 1997;Varcamonti et al 2006). In some cases the identification of the protein whose expression is affected by growth phase or stress is straightforward (Castaldo et al 2006;Fiocco et al 2007;Varcamonti et al 2006), but comparison between treatments are not usually made in a quantitative way. In other cases Western blotting (Koch et al 1998;Kwon et al 2003) or excision of the band followed by liquid chromatography and mass spectrometry (Arena et al 2006) have been used.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 97%

SDS–PAGE patterns of whole cell proteins of Streptococcus thermophilus: impact of strain, growth phase and adaptation and relationship with stress response

Zotta

Parente

Piraino³

et al. 2011

World J Microbiol Biotechnol

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In previous studies we demonstrated that a relatively large diversity of stress response patterns (acid, osmotic, oxidative, heat) exists among Streptococcus thermophilus strains. Changes in protein expression, evaluated by SDS-PAGE in 4 wild strains (CNBL7035, TH681, Y3, Sfi39) and in three Sfi39 mutants in which hrcA, ctsR and rr01 genes were inactivated showed that significant variations of proteins involved in general stress response (GSR) occur as a function of growth phase, adaptation and inactivation of stress response regulators. In this work we re-evaluate the previous results comparing two unsupervised (Hierarchical Cluster Analysis, HCA, and Principal Component Analysis, PCA) and one supervised (Partial Least Square Regression, PLSR) statistical techniques for the ability to extract information from SDS-PAGE patterns of wild type and mutant strains of S. thermophilus and to uncover relationships between protein patterns and stress tolerance. HCA and PCA are two purely descriptive techniques. The HCA showed that SDS-PAGE is an efficient tool to differentiate strains but did not shed any light on the relationships between band intensity and strain, growth phase or adaptation treatment. PCA helped to identify group of bands which covaried with the stress input factors but also not allow to find a relationship between protein expression and stress tolerance. The PLS regression, even with the limitations due to the data set used in this study, appears as an extremely promising tools for the identification of complex relationships between design and response variables in the analysis of SDS-PAGE patterns of whole cell proteins.

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