Expression of the Phytophthora infestans ipiB and ipi0 genes in planta and in vitro

Pieterse, C.M.J.; Derksen, Anne-Marie C. E.; Folders, Jindra; Govers, F.

doi:10.1007/bf00285454

Cited by 74 publications

(41 citation statements)

References 30 publications

Supporting

Mentioning

Contrasting

Unclassified

Order By: Relevance

“…The electrophoresis buffer and blotting buffer consisted of 10 and 25 mM sodium phosphate, pH 7.0, respectively. RNA gel blots were hybridized and washed as described previously (Pieterse et al, 1994) and exposed to X-Omat or Biomax films. DNA probes were labeled with [a-32 P]dCTP by random primer labeling according to the manufacturer's instructions (Promega).…”

Section: Rna Gel Blot Analysismentioning

confidence: 99%

Dissecting the β-Aminobutyric Acid–Induced Priming Phenomenon in Arabidopsis

et al. 2005

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Plants treated with the nonprotein amino acid β-aminobutyric acid (BABA) develop an enhanced capacity to resist biotic and abiotic stresses. This BABA-induced resistance (BABA-IR) is associated with an augmented capacity to express basal defense responses, a phenomenon known as priming. Based on the observation that high amounts of BABA induce sterility in Arabidopsis thaliana, a mutagenesis screen was performed to select mutants impaired in BABA-induced sterility (ibs). Here, we report the isolation and subsequent characterization of three T-DNA–tagged ibs mutants. Mutant ibs1 is affected in a cyclin-dependent kinase–like protein, and ibs2 is defective in AtSAC1b encoding a polyphosphoinositide phosphatase. Mutant ibs3 is affected in the regulation of the ABA1 gene encoding the abscisic acid (ABA) biosynthetic enzyme zeaxanthin epoxidase. To elucidate the function of the three IBS genes in plant resistance, the mutants were tested for BABA-IR against the bacterium Pseudomonas syringae pv tomato, the oomycete Hyaloperonospora parasitica, and BABA-induced tolerance to salt. All three ibs mutants were compromised in BABA-IR against H. parasitica, although to a different extent. Whereas ibs1 was reduced in priming for salicylate (SA)-dependent trailing necrosis, mutants ibs2 and ibs3 were affected in the priming for callose deposition. Only ibs1 failed to express BABA-IR against P. syringae, which coincided with a defect in priming for SA-inducible PR-1 gene expression. By contrast, ibs2 and ibs3 showed reduced BABA-induced tolerance to salt, which correlated with an affected priming for ABA-inducible gene expression. For all three ibs alleles, the defects in BABA-induced sterility and BABA-induced protection against P. syringae, H. parasitica, and salt could be confirmed in independent mutants. The data presented here introduce three novel regulatory genes involved in priming for different defense responses.

show abstract

Section: Rna Gel Blot Analysismentioning

confidence: 99%

Dissecting the β-Aminobutyric Acid–Induced Priming Phenomenon in Arabidopsis

et al. 2005

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

“…For RNA gel blot analysis, 15 g of total RNA was electrophoretically separated on denaturing formaldehyde-agarose gels and blotted onto Hybond-N ϩ membranes (Amersham, 's-Hertogenbosch, The Netherlands) by capillary transfer, as described by Sambrook et al (1989). RNA gel blots were hybridized and washed as described previously (Pieterse et al, 1994) and exposed to a Kodak X-OMAT AR film. DNA probes were labeled with ␣-32 P-dCTP by random primer labeling (Feinberg and Vogelstein, 1983).…”

Section: Rna Gel Blot Analysismentioning

confidence: 99%

A Novel Signaling Pathway Controlling Induced Systemic Resistance in Arabidopsis

Pieterse¹,

Wees²,

Pelt³

et al. 1998

The Plant Cell

207

294

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Plants have the ability to acquire an enhanced level of resistance to pathogen attack after being exposed to specific biotic stimuli. In Arabidopsis, nonpathogenic, root-colonizing Pseudomonas fluorescens bacteria trigger an induced systemic resistance (ISR) response against infection by the bacterial leaf pathogen P. syringae pv tomato. In contrast to classic, pathogen-induced systemic acquired resistance (SAR), this rhizobacteria-mediated ISR response is independent of salicylic acid accumulation and pathogenesis-related gene activation. Using the jasmonate response mutant jar1 , the ethylene response mutant etr1 , and the SAR regulatory mutant npr1 , we demonstrate that signal transduction leading to P. fluorescens WCS417r-mediated ISR requires responsiveness to jasmonate and ethylene and is dependent on NPR1. Similar to P. fluorescens WCS417r, methyl jasmonate and the ethylene precursor 1-aminocyclopropane-1-carboxylate were effective in inducing resistance against P. s. tomato in salicylic acid-nonaccumulating NahG plants. Moreover, methyl jasmonate-induced protection was blocked in jar1 , etr1 , and npr1 plants, whereas 1-aminocyclopropane-1-carboxylate-induced protection was affected in etr1 and npr1 plants but not in jar1 plants. Hence, we postulate that rhizobacteria-mediated ISR follows a novel signaling pathway in which components from the jasmonate and ethylene response are engaged successively to trigger a defense reaction that, like SAR, is regulated by NPR1. We provide evidence that the processes downstream of NPR1 in the ISR pathway are divergent from those in the SAR pathway, indicating that NPR1 differentially regulates defense responses, depending on the signals that are elicited during induction of resistance. INTRODUCTIONPlants of which the roots have been colonized by selected strains of nonpathogenic fluorescent Pseudomonas spp develop an enhanced level of protection against pathogen attack (reviewed in van Loon et al., 1998). Strain WCS417r of P. fluorescens is a biological control strain that has been shown to trigger an induced systemic resistance (ISR) response in several plant species, including carnation (van Peer et al., 1991), radish (Leeman et al., 1995), tomato (Duijff et al., 1996), and Arabidopsis (Pieterse et al., 1996). In Arabidopsis, P. fluorescens WCS417r-mediated ISR has been demonstrated against the bacterial leaf pathogen P. syringae pv tomato , the fungal root pathogen Fusarium oxysporum f sp raphani (Pieterse et al., 1996;van Wees et al., 1997), and the fungal leaf pathogen Peronospora parasitica (J. Ton and C.M.J. Pieterse, unpublished data), indicating that this type of biologically induced resistance is effective against different types of pathogens.ISR-inducing rhizobacteria show host specificity in regard to eliciting resistance (Leeman et al., 1995;van Wees et al., 1997), which indicates that specific recognition between protective bacteria and the plant is a prerequisite for the activation of the signaling cascade leading to ISR. The downstream signaling event...

show abstract

“…For the Cladosporium fulvum Avr9 gene and a number of other plant-induced genes in fungi, it has been demonstrated that expression can also be increased under conditions of nitrogen and/or carbon deprivation (9,30,40,43). In contrast, the mig1 gene was not induced under the starvation conditions tested.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Characterization of a Ustilago maydisGene Specifically Induced during the Biotrophic Phase: Evidence for Negative as Well as Positive Regulation

Basse

Stumpferl²,

Kahmann

2000

Molecular and Cellular Biology

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

The phytopathogenic basidiomycete Ustilago maydis requires its host plant, maize, for completion of its sexual cycle. To investigate the molecular events during infection, we used differential display to identify plant-induced U. maydis genes. We describe the U. maydis gene mig1 (for "maize-induced gene"), which is not expressed during yeast-like growth of the fungus, is weakly expressed during filamentous growth in axenic culture, but is extensively upregulated during plant infection. mig1 encodes a small, highly charged protein of unknown function which contains a functional N-terminal secretion sequence and is not essential for pathogenic development. Adjacent to mig1 is a second gene (mdu1) related to mig1, which appears to result from a gene duplication. mig1 gene expression during the infection cycle was assessed by fusing the promoter to eGFP. Expression of mig1 was absent in hyphae growing on the leaf surface but was detected after penetration and remained high during subsequent proliferation of the fungus until teliospore formation. Successive deletions as well as certain internal deletions in the mig1 promoter conferred elevated levels of reporter gene expression during growth in axenic culture, indicative of negative regulation. During fungal growth in planta, sequence elements between positions ؊148 and ؊519 in the mig1 promoter were specifically required for high levels of induction, illustrating additional positive control. We discuss the potential applications of mig1 for the identification of inducing compounds and the respective regulatory genes.The phytopathogen Ustilago maydis belongs to the fungal class Basidiomycetes and causes smut disease in maize (4). All aerial parts of the host plant can be infected. Disease is initially characterized by tissue chlorosis and anthocyanin pigmentation and culminates in the development of plant tumors filled with masses of black teliospores. U. maydis adopts two different morphologies during its life cycle. Haploid sporidia grow yeastlike and can be propagated on artificial media. After fusion of two compatible sporidia, a filamentous dikaryon is generated; this structure is infectious. The dikaryon depends on the plant for further proliferation. Cell fusion, the morphologic switch, and pathogenicity are governed by two unlinked mating-type loci termed a and b (4). The a locus exists in two alleles, a1 and a2, each encoding a pheromone precursor and the receptor recognizing the pheromone of opposite mating type (7, 38). The multiallelic b locus contains two divergently transcribed genes, bE and bW, encoding a pair of homeodomain proteins (11,21,35). In pairwise combinations, bE and bW proteins from different alleles can dimerize and trigger subsequent pathogenic development (19).In nature, compatible haploid sporidia fuse on the leaf surface and the filamentous dikaryon differentiates in an appressorium-like structure that penetrates the host cell wall (36). Penetration through stomata has also been reported (5). From the infection site, the fungus spreads...

show abstract

Expression of the Phytophthora infestans ipiB and ipi0 genes in planta and in vitro

Cited by 74 publications

References 30 publications

Dissecting the β-Aminobutyric Acid–Induced Priming Phenomenon in Arabidopsis

Dissecting the β-Aminobutyric Acid–Induced Priming Phenomenon in Arabidopsis

A Novel Signaling Pathway Controlling Induced Systemic Resistance in Arabidopsis

Characterization of a Ustilago maydisGene Specifically Induced during the Biotrophic Phase: Evidence for Negative as Well as Positive Regulation

Contact Info

Product

Resources

About