Expression of toll-like receptors 4 in nerve plexuses of the rat duodenum, jejunum, and colon

Филиппова, Л В; Malyshev, F. S.; Bykova, A. A.; Nozdrachev, A. D.

doi:10.1134/s0012496612040114

Cited by 9 publications

(7 citation statements)

References 11 publications

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“…The fact that TLR2 and TLR4 may functionally compensate for each other in mediating intestinal host response has been reported . Moreover, TLR2 and TLR4 expression has been demonstrated in cells (neurons, glial cells, and smooth muscle cells) involved in the intestinal neuromuscular transmission, thus supporting our results.…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 91%

“…High levels of 5-HT 7 receptor expression were found in TLR2/4 DKO but not in TLR2 À/À or TLR4 À/À . In WT and TLR4 À/À , 5-HT 2 , 5-HT 3 , 5-HT 4 , and 5-HT 7 receptor antagonists reduced the contractile response evoked by 5-HT. In TLR2 À/À mice, 5-HT 4 antagonist did not reduce the 5-HT response.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 92%

“…Toll‐like receptors are expressed throughout the whole intestinal tract by a wide variety of cell types, including intestinal epithelial cells and several immune cells . Recently, expression of TLR2 has been found in enteric neurons, glia, and smooth muscle cells of the mouse ileum and TLR4 has been localized in enteric neurons of mouse, rat, and human intestines . The expression of TLRs in these cells clearly points to TLRs having an influence on gastrointestinal motility, in addition to their role in the induction of host defense responses.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…3,4 Recently, expression of TLR2 has been found in enteric neurons, glia, and smooth muscle cells of the mouse ileum 5 and TLR4 has been localized in enteric neurons of mouse, rat, and human intestines. 6,7 The expression of TLRs in these cells clearly points to TLRs having an influence on gastrointestinal motility, in addition to their role in the induction of host defense responses. In fact, changes in TLR expression patterns have been reported in the intestine of patients suffering from chronic inflammatory and functional gastrointestinal pathologies, such as inflammatory bowel diseases (IBD) or irritable bowel syndrome (IBS).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Toll‐like receptors 2 and 4 modulate the contractile response induced by serotonin in mouse ileum: analysis of the serotonin receptors involved

Forcén

Latorre

Pardo

et al. 2015

Neurogastroenterology Motil

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Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 91%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 92%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

See 2 more Smart Citations

Toll‐like receptors 2 and 4 modulate the contractile response induced by serotonin in mouse ileum: analysis of the serotonin receptors involved

Forcén

Latorre

Pardo

et al. 2015

Neurogastroenterology Motil

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“…TLR4 receptors expressed on membranes of various cells, including macrophages, leukocytes, epithelial and endothelial cells, recognize and bind to conservative structure of the cell wall of gram-negative bacteria (LPS) [13]. At the same time, TLR4 expression in proper neurons of various segments of mouse, rat and human gastrointestinal tract has been experimentally demonstrated [4,12]. It was hypothesized that this receptor mediates the interaction between the pathogenic bacteria penetrating into the intestine and the enteric neurons.…”

mentioning

confidence: 97%

Expression of Pattern Recognition Receptors by Nociceptive Metasympathetic Neurons

et al. 2015

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Immunohistochemical assay with double label and confocal laser scanning microscopy showed that innate immunity receptor TLR4 is expressed predominantly in neurons of the intestinal Auerbach (myenteric) plexus, while vanilloid nociceptive receptor TRPV1 is expressed by neurons of Meissner (submucous) plexus. Immunohistochemical analysis with triple labeling revealed coexpression of TLR4 and TRPV1 in enteric neurons of rat colon. The results attest to a possibility of functional interaction between Toll-like and vanilloid receptors in the neuron level.

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Antibiotic-Induced Depletion of Murine Microbiota Induces Mild Inflammation and Changes in Toll-Like Receptor Patterns and Intestinal Motility

et al. 2015

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We examine the impact of changes in microbiota induced by antibiotics on intestinal motility, gut inflammatory response, and the function and expression of toll-like receptors (TLRs). Alterations in mice intestinal microbiota were induced by antibiotics and evaluated by q-PCR and DGGE analysis. Macroscopic and microscopic assessments of the intestine were performed in control and antibiotic-treated mice. TLR expression was determined in the intestine by q-RT-PCR. Fecal parameter measurements, intestinal transit, and muscle contractility studies were performed to evaluate alterations in intestinal motility. Antibiotics reduced the total bacterial quantity 1000-fold, and diversity was highly affected by treatment. Mice with microbiota depletion had less Peyer's patches, enlarged ceca, and mild gut inflammation. Treatment with antibiotics increased the expression of TLR4, TLR5, and TLR9 in the ileum and TLR3, TLR4, TLR6, TLR7, and TLR8 in the colon, and it reduced the expression of TLR2, TLR3, and TLR6 in the ileum and TLR2 and TLR9 in the colon. Antibiotics decreased fecal output, delayed the whole gut and colonic transit, and reduced the spontaneous contractions and the response to acetylcholine (ACh) in the ileum and colon. Activation of TLR4 by lipopolysaccharide (LPS) reverted the reduction of the spontaneous contractions induced by antibiotics in the ileum. Activation of TLR4 by LPS and TLR5 by flagellin reduced the response to ACh in the ileum in control mice. Our results confirm the role of the microbiota in the regulation of TLRs expression and shed light on the microbiota connection to motor intestinal alterations.

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Expression of toll-like receptors 4 in nerve plexuses of the rat duodenum, jejunum, and colon

Cited by 9 publications

References 11 publications

Toll‐like receptors 2 and 4 modulate the contractile response induced by serotonin in mouse ileum: analysis of the serotonin receptors involved

Toll‐like receptors 2 and 4 modulate the contractile response induced by serotonin in mouse ileum: analysis of the serotonin receptors involved

Expression of Pattern Recognition Receptors by Nociceptive Metasympathetic Neurons

Antibiotic-Induced Depletion of Murine Microbiota Induces Mild Inflammation and Changes in Toll-Like Receptor Patterns and Intestinal Motility

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