Expression of Vascular Endothelial Growth Factor Has a Regulatory Role in Gingival Venules in Experimental Diabetes

Gyurkovics, Milán; Nagy, I.; Bödör, Csaba; Székely, Andrea; Dinya, Elek; Rosivall, László; Lohinai, Zsolt

doi:10.1902/jop.2015.150410

Cited by 3 publications

(2 citation statements)

References 38 publications

(111 reference statements)

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“…Vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) and colony stimulating factor‐1 (CSF‐1) are the key factors involved in bone remodeling. VEGF is reportedly increased in cases of hypoxia and circulation disorders, including DM, and found to be crucial for recruiting monocytes/macrophages and inducing inflammatory angiogenesis . Locally injected VEGF increases osteoclasts during mechanical force (MF)‐induced tooth movement (MTM) .…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Synergistic alveolar bone resorption by diabetic advanced glycation end products and mechanical forces

Moon

Lee

Kim

et al. 2019

Journal of Periodontology

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Background The association between diabetes mellitus (DM) and bone diseases is acknowledged. However, the mechanistic pathways leading to the alveolar bone (AB) destruction remain unclear. This study aims to elucidate the mechanical forces (MF)‐induced AB destruction in DM and its underlying mechanism. Methods In vivo periodontal tissue responses to MF were evaluated in rats with diabetes. In vitro human periodontal ligament (PDL) cells were either treated with advanced glycation end products (AGEs) alone or with AGEs and MF. Results In vivo, the transcription of VEGF‐A, colony stimulating factor‐1 (CSF‐1), and Ager was upregulated in diabetes, whereas changes in DDOST and Glo1 mRNAs were negligible. DM induced VEGF‐A protein in the vascular cells of the PDL and subsequent angiogenesis, but DM itself did not induce osteoclastogenesis. MF‐induced AB resorption was augmented in DM, and such augmentation was morphologically substantiated by the occasional undermining resorption as well as the frontal resorption of the AB by osteoclasts. The mRNA levels of CSF‐1 and vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) during MF application were highly elevated in diabetes, compared with those of the normal counterparts. In vitro, AGEs treatment elevated Glut‐1 and CSF‐1 mRNA levels via the p38 and JNK pathways, whereas OGT and VEGF levels remained unchanged. Compressive MF especially caused upregulation of VEGF, CSF‐1, and Glut‐1 levels, and such upregulation was further enhanced by AGEs treatment. Conclusions Overloaded MF and AGEs metabolites may synergistically aggravate AB destruction by upregulating CSF‐1 and VEGF. Therefore, regulating the compressive overloading of teeth, as well as the levels of diabetic AGEs, may prove to be an effective therapeutic modality for managing DM‐induced AB destruction.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Synergistic alveolar bone resorption by diabetic advanced glycation end products and mechanical forces

Moon

Lee

Kim

et al. 2019

Journal of Periodontology

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“…It is still largely unclear what regulates their tone, but altered diameter will influence the blood pressure “upstream” in the capillary segments. Inflammatory growth factors such as VEGF have been reported to act as venodilators [ 21 ]. On the other hand, in inflammatory and in postischemic, reperfused tissue, leukocytes adhere in large numbers to the walls of the venules and small collecting veins [ 22 ].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Regulation of blood flow and volume exchange across the microcirculation

2016

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Oxygen delivery to cells is the basic prerequisite of life. Within the human body, an ingenious oxygen delivery system, comprising steps of convection and diffusion from the upper airways via the lungs and the cardiovascular system to the microvascular area, bridges the gap between oxygen in the outside airspace and the interstitial space around the cells. However, the complexity of this evolutionary development makes us prone to pathophysiological problems. While those problems related to respiration and macrohemodynamics have already been successfully addressed by modern medicine, the pathophysiology of the microcirculation is still often a closed book in daily practice. Nevertheless, here as well, profound physiological understanding is the only key to rational therapeutic decisions. The prime guarantor of tissue oxygenation is tissue blood flow. Therefore, on the premise of intact macrohemodynamics, the microcirculation has three major responsibilities: 1) providing access for oxygenated blood to the tissues and appropriate return of volume; 2) maintaining global tissue flood flow, even in the face of changes in central blood pressure; and 3) linking local blood flow to local metabolic needs. It is an intriguing concept of nature to do this mainly by local regulatory mechanisms, impacting primarily on flow resistance, be this via endothelial or direct smooth muscle actions. The final goal of microvascular blood flow per unit of time is to ensure the needed exchange of substances between tissue and blood compartments. The two principle means of accomplishing this are diffusion and filtration. While simple diffusion is the quantitatively most important form of capillary exchange activity for the respiratory gases, water flux across the blood-brain barrier is facilitated via preformed specialized channels, the aquaporines. Beyond that, the vascular barrier is practically nowhere completely tight for water, with paracellular filtration giving rise to generally low but permanent fluid flux outwards into the interstitial space at the microvascular high pressure segment. At the more leaky venular aspect, both filtration and diffusion allow for bidirectional passage of water, nutrients, and waste products. We are just beginning to appreciate that a major factor for maintaining tissue fluid homeostasis appears to be the integrity of the endothelial glycocalyx.

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Effect of diabetes on collagen metabolism and hypoxia in human gingival tissue: a stereological, histopathological, and immunohistochemical study

Yüce

Karataş

Tülü

et al. 2018

Biotechnic & Histochemistry

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Expression of Vascular Endothelial Growth Factor Has a Regulatory Role in Gingival Venules in Experimental Diabetes

Abstract: The findings suggest that VEGF expression is increased in gingiva in experimentally induced diabetes. After VEGFR2 activation, the mast cell-derived vasodilatory and inflammatory mediators may contribute markedly to the concomitant changes in the microcirculation.

Cited by 3 publications

References 38 publications

Synergistic alveolar bone resorption by diabetic advanced glycation end products and mechanical forces

Synergistic alveolar bone resorption by diabetic advanced glycation end products and mechanical forces

Regulation of blood flow and volume exchange across the microcirculation

Effect of diabetes on collagen metabolism and hypoxia in human gingival tissue: a stereological, histopathological, and immunohistochemical study

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