“…Most rats were housed at room temperature of 21-27 °C with a 12-hour light-dark cycle and had access to commercial rat food and water in 12 articles, and 2 articles did not mention the details. Induction methods used to obtain ulcer models were acetic acid in 7 articles [15,17,21,23,[25][26][27], biopsy punch in 2 articles [16,19], scalpel blade in 3 articles [18,22,28], thermal in 1 article [24], and phenol in 1 article [20]. The induction method using acetic acid was done in several ways: apply 15 ml of 50% acetic acid on cotton tips or round filter paper with a diameter of 3-9 mm, and then place them on the buccal and labial mucosa for 30-60 seconds, as listed in five articles [15,17,23,25,27].…”