Expression of γ-H2AX Using Immunofluorescence Assay as an Adaptive Response of PBMC in Radiation Workers at Dharmais Cancer Hospital

Abstract

Background: Exposure ionizing of radiation in radiation workers has the potential to cause DNA damage in the form of double strand break as the beginning of genomic instability. DNA damage can be observed with γ-H2AX as the biomarker of DNA double strand breaks (DSBs). The formation of γ-H2AX in the nucleus can occur after radiation exposure of 1 mGy. This study aims to determine the radiation effects in radiation work environments as a study of adaptive responses of peripheral blood mononuclear cell (PBMCs) after radiation by observing γ-H2AX foci expression.. Methods: Blood samples from nine radiation workers and nine non-radiation workers were irradiated with doses 0 Gy, 1 Gy, 1.5 Gy, and 2 Gy. Detection of γ-H2AX foci was done by immunofluorescence assay. The mean of γ-H2AX foci was counted in 50 PBMCs per sample. The comparison mean of γ-H2AX foci was analyzed using tindependent test. Result: Based on the result study, there were no significant differences in the number of γ-H2AX foci without treatment (p = 0.807). The results of study showed that the formation of 2-3 foci per cell after exposure of 2 Gy increases along with the increasing irradiation doses. Conclusion: The mean of index of γ-H2AX foci in PBMCs within normal limits between non-radiation workers and radiation workers and level of risk DSBs damage is relatively similar after exposure at doses 1 Gy, 1.5 Gy, and 2 Gy.

Adaptive Response of Peripheral Blood Lymphocytes in Medical Radiation Workers using the Comet Assay: A Preliminary Studyomet Assay: A Preliminary Study

“…Previous research by Musthafa et al [7], which observed DNA damage in lymphocytes as an adaptive response in medical workers using the gamma H2AX method, showed no significant differences between the medical radiation workers group and the control group. Meanwhile, the results of micronuclei studies, apoptosis, and comet assay conducted by Mohammadi et al [18] stated that there might be a radioadaptive response in people living in high background areas in the Ramsar region, Iran.…”

“…In almost all research parameters, the MRW group had a higher average than the control group, except for TM (13.32±8.80 and 14.91±3.37; 15.89±13.59 and 22.55±5.63) and OTM (13.59±3.90 and 18.53±4.94; 14.75±1.67 and 23.63±3. 19) with radiation doses of 1.5 and 2 Gy. by immersion for 5 seconds.…”

“…Blood samples were obtained from six participants (MRW and controls), irradiated with gamma (Co-60) at doses of 1, 1.5, and 2 Gy, and a dose rate of 1 Gy/ minute using the IRPASENA device at the Center for Isotope and Radiation Applications (PAIR-BATAN). The radiation dose determination was based on our previous study with modifications to the analyzed parameters [19].…”

“…Meanwhile, indirect action happens when there is the first radiation interaction with water molecules in the cell, which will then hit important organic molecules [6]. DNA damage can occur through several mechanisms, including loss of one of the bases or sugars making up DNA, denaturation of DNA protein segments, the formation of 8-hydroxy-2-deoxy guanosine (8-OHdG), single-strand (SSBs), and double-strand (DSBs) DNA [7][8][9]. These defects will result in a high frequency of chromosome aberrations, increasing mutagenesis and carcinogenesis [10].…”