Expression Pattern of Inflammatory and Anti-Inflammatory Cytokines and Key Differential Transcription Factors in Peripheral Blood Mononuclear Cells of Iranian Coronavirus Disease 2019 Patients with Different Disease Severity

Khoshmirsafa, Majid; Assarehzadegan, Mohammad-Ali; Fallahpour, Morteza; Azimi, Maryam; Faraji, Fatemeh; Riahi, Taghi; Minaeian, Sara; Fassahat, Davood; Divsalar, Farshad; Abbasi, Mohammad Amin

doi:10.1089/vim.2021.0224

Cited by 2 publications

(2 citation statements)

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“…In consistence with our research, Khoshmirsafa and colleagues demonstrated that the gene expressions of RORγt, IFNγ, IL-17, and T-bet were higher in patients with COVID-19 compared to healthy individuals. Khoshmirsafa et al [31] also showed that RORγt, IL-6, and IL-17 gene expressions in the severe group were higher than in the moderate group, which supported our findings. Multiple studies have indicated that the population of Th17 cells was dramatically increased in COVID-19 patients; this population by production of IL-23 and IL-17 caused enhanced neutrophil migration to the airways, which resulted in edema, pneumonia, and serious respiratory damage in severe and critical patients with COVID-19 [7,23].…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 91%

“…It has been reported that lymphopenia, which could be a consequence of pulmonary recruitment and entrapment of lymphocytes or even infection of lymphocytes with SARS-CoV-2 via dipeptidyl peptidase-4 (DPP-4) receptor, was associated with poor prognosis of COVID-19 [ 38 ]. Additionally, Khoshmirsafa and colleagues found that IL-17, IL-6, and IL-10 were the risk factors for the progression of the disease [ 31 ]. In addition, Th2 and Th17 hyperactivation due to polyclonal activation possibly with superantigens led to high antibody titers and the creation of cytokine storms [ 34 , 38 ].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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T-Cell Immune Responses and Immunological Factors Associated with Coronavirus Disease 2019 Progression as Predictors for the Severity of the Disease in Hospitalized Patients

Abbasi-Dokht¹,

Vafaeinezhad²,

Khalesi³

et al. 2023

Int Arch Allergy Immunol

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Introduction: The prevalence of coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) has rapidly increased worldwide. More investigation is needed to progress toward understanding the exact role of immune responses in the pathology of the disease, leading to improved anticipation and treatment options. Methods: In the present study, we examined the relative expression of T-bet, GATA3, RORγt, and FoxP3 transcription factors as well as laboratory indicators in 79 hospitalized patients along with 20 healthy subjects as a control group. In order to make an exact comparison between various degrees of severity of disease, patients were divided into critical (n = 12) and severe (n = 67) groups. To evaluate the expression of genes of interest by performing real-time PCR, blood samples were obtained from each participant. Results: We found a significant increase in the expression of T-bet, GATA3, and RORγt and a reduction in the expression of FoxP3 in the critically ill patients compared to the severe and control groups. Also, we noticed that the GATA3 and RORγt expressions were elevated in the severe group in comparison with healthy subjects. Additionally, the GATA3 and RORγt expressions showed a positive correlation with elevation in CRP and hepatic enzyme concentration. Moreover, we observed that the GATA3 and RORγt expressions were the independent risk factors for the severity and outcome of COVID-19. Discussion: The present study showed that the overexpression of T-bet, GATA3, and RORγt, as well as a decrease in the FoxP3 expression was associated with the severity and fatal outcome of COVID-19.

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Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 91%