Expression pattern of sigma receptor 1 mRNA and protein in mammalian retina

Ola, Mohammad Shamsul; Moore, Pamela B.; El-Sherbeny, Amira; Roon, Penny; Agarwal, Neeraj; Sarthy, Vijay P.; Casellas, Pierre; Ganapathy, Vadivel; Smith, Sylvia B.

doi:10.1016/s0169-328x(01)00249-2

Cited by 69 publications

(47 citation statements)

References 34 publications

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“…All procedures for total RNA isolation and RT-PCR were performed according to the procedure suggested by the manufacturers. The following primer pairs were used: human GFAP (26), NMDA receptor subunits NR1 and NR2A-D (27), and sigma 1 receptor (28). The primers of cyclophylin were designed on the basis of the sequences of human cDNA (GenBank accession no.…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Mitotic and neurogenic effects of dehydroepiandrosterone (DHEA) on human neural stem cell cultures derived from the fetal cortex

Suzuki

Wright

Marwah

et al. 2004

Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U.S.A.

143

136

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Dehydroepiandrosterone (DHEA) is a neurosteroid with potential effects on neurogenesis and neuronal survival in humans. However, most studies on DHEA have been performed in rodents, and there is little direct evidence for biological effects on the human nervous system. Furthermore, the mechanism of its action is unknown. Here, we show that DHEA significantly increased the growth rates of human neural stem cells derived from the fetal cortex and grown with both epidermal growth factor (EGF) and leukemia inhibitory factor (LIF). However, it had no effect on cultures grown in either factor alone, suggesting a specific action on the EGF͞LIF-responsive cell. Precursors of DHEA such as pregnenolone or six of its major metabolites, had no significant effect on proliferation rates. DHEA did not alter the small number (<3%) of newly formed neuroblasts or the large number (>95%) of nestin-positive precursors. However, the number of glial fibrillary acidic protein-positive cells, its mRNA, and protein were significantly increased by DHEA. We found both N-methyl-D-aspartate and sigma 1 antagonists, but not GABA antagonists, could completely eliminate the effects of DHEA on stem cell proliferation. Finally we asked whether the EGF͞LIF͞DHEA-responsive stem cells had an increased potential for neurogenesis and found a 29% increase in neuronal production when compared to cultures grown in EGF͞LIF alone. Together these data suggest that DHEA is involved in the maintenance and division of human neural stem cells. Given the wide availability of this neurosteroid, this finding has important implications for future use.

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Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Mitotic and neurogenic effects of dehydroepiandrosterone (DHEA) on human neural stem cell cultures derived from the fetal cortex

Suzuki

Wright

Marwah

et al. 2004

Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U.S.A.

143

136

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“…This signal is known to direct the retrieval of membrane proteins from Golgi apparatus to the ER via a retrograde transport pathway [69]. Immunofluorescence studies have shown that polyclonal sigma-1 receptor antibodies predominantly stain cytoplasmic areas in neuronal and retinal cells as well [1,20,55,73]. An electron microscopic study of rat brain slices also indicated that the sigma-1 receptor immunostaining was mostly associated with the perikarya and dendrites of neurons [1].…”

Section: B Cellular Distribution Of Sigma-1 Receptorsmentioning

confidence: 99%

The Sigma Receptor: Evolution of the Concept in Neuropsychopharmacology

Hayashi

Tp²

2005

126

108

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Although originally proposed as a subtype of opioid receptors, the sigma receptor is now confirmed to be a non-opioid receptor that binds diverse classes of psychotropic drugs. Sigma receptors are subdivided into two subtypes, sigma-1 and sigma-2. The sigma-1 receptor is a 25-kDa protein possessing one putative transmembrane domain and an endoplasmic reticulum retention signal. Sigma-1 receptors are highly expressed in deeper laminae of the cortex, olfactory bulb, nuclei of mesencephalon, hypothalamus, and Purkinje cells in the brain. Sigma-1 receptors are predominantly localized at the endoplasmic reticulum of both neurons and oligodendrocytes. From behavioral studies, sigma-1 receptors were shown to be involved in higher-ordered brain functions including memory and drug dependence. The actions mediated by sigma-1 receptors at the cellular level can be considered either as acute or chronic. The acute actions include the modulation of ion channels (i.e., K+ channel, NMDA receptors, IP3 receptors) and the sigma-1 receptor translocation. Chronic actions of sigma-1 receptors are basically considered to be the result of an up- or down regulation of the sigma-1 receptor itself. For example, the upregulation of sigma-1 receptors per se, even without exogenous ligands, promotes cellular differentiation and reconstitution of lipid microdomains (lipid rafts) in cultured cells. These findings together suggest that sigma-1 receptors might possess a constitutive biological activity, and that sigma-1 receptor ligands might merely work as modulators of the innate activity of this protein. Recent in vitro and in vitro studies strongly point to the possibility that sigma-1 receptors participate in membrane remodeling and cellular differentiation in the nervous system.

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“…For example, a high density (grain numbers) of dopamine and serotonin receptors was found in the outer plexiform layer of the monkey retina. For sigma 1 receptors, microscopic autoradiography has not been performed, but in situ hybridization analysis showed the presence of the mRNA of the sigma 1 receptors on the retinal ganglion cells, inner segments of the photoreceptors, and in the retinal pigment epithelium (Shamsul et al, 2001). Microscopic autoradiographic localization of the sigma 1 receptors could be performed using not only [ 3 H]SA4503 but also an 18 F-labelled SA4503 analog (Elsinga et al, 2002) because a longer half-life positron emitter 18 F (t 1/2 110 min) is also available for microscopic autoradiography (Kubota et al, 1992).…”

Section: Fig 3 Pet Images Of the Rabbit Brain (A And B) And Eye (C±mentioning

confidence: 99%

“…This neuroprotective effect of sigma receptors resulted most likely from the modulation of N-methyl-D-aspartate (NMDA) and muscarinic receptors (Monnet et al, 1992). The ganglion cells of the retina, where the expression of the sigma 1 receptors was demonstrated by in situ hybridization and immunochemical techniques (Shamsul et al, 2001), were reduced in diabetes (Barber et al, 1998). Thus sigma 1 receptor agonists may play a neuroprotective role in retinal ischemia, diabetic retinopathy and glaucoma (Kamei, 1999).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%