Expression patterns and protein structure of a lipid transfer protein END1 from Arabidopsis

Li, Ming; Lopato, Sergiy; Hrmová, Mária; Pickering, Melissa; Shirley, Neil J.; Koltunow, Anna M.; Langridge, Peter

doi:10.1007/s00425-014-2155-6

Cited by 4 publications

(2 citation statements)

References 64 publications

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“…The expression patterns of Arabidopsis AtLTPd9 (END1) and AtLTPd12 (END2) indicate roles in reproduction also for these proteins (Li et al 2014b ). The AtLTPd9 transcripts are abundant in flowers before pollination and increase even more in young green siliques.…”

Section: Functional Investigations Of Ltpsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Lipid transfer proteins: classification, nomenclature, structure, and function

Salminen

Blomqvist

Edqvist

2016

Planta

198

202

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The non-specific lipid transfer proteins (LTPs) constitute a large protein family found in all land plants. They are small proteins characterized by a tunnel-like hydrophobic cavity, which makes them suitable for binding and transporting various lipids. The LTPs are abundantly expressed in most tissues. In general, they are synthesized with an N-terminal signal peptide that localizes the protein to spaces exterior to the plasma membrane. The in vivo functions of LTPs are still disputed, although evidence has accumulated for a role in the synthesis of lipid barrier polymers, such as cuticular waxes, suberin, and sporopollenin. There are also reports suggesting that LTPs are involved in signaling during pathogen attacks. LTPs are considered as key proteins for the plant’s survival and colonization of land. In this review, we aim to present an overview of the current status of LTP research and also to discuss potential future applications of these proteins. We update the knowledge on 3D structures and lipid binding and review the most recent data from functional investigations, such as from knockout or overexpressing experiments. We also propose and argument for a novel system for the classification and naming of the LTPs.

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Section: Functional Investigations Of Ltpsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Lipid transfer proteins: classification, nomenclature, structure, and function

Salminen

Blomqvist

Edqvist

2016

Planta

198

202

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show abstract

“…As the ortholog of OsLTPL36 , ZmBETL-9 is transcribed in the outer surface of the developing endosperm [ 35 ]. AtEND1 is widely expressed in root, leaf, stem, flower, and seed, and plays important roles in gametophytic tissues and developing endosperm in Arabidopsis [ 62 ]. AtLTPG5 and AtLTPG6 are involved in cuticle development and seed coat suberization [ 17 ].…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

A Systematic Investigation of Lipid Transfer Proteins Involved in Male Fertility and Other Biological Processes in Maize

Fang

Shu

et al. 2023

IJMS

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Plant lipid transfer proteins (LTPs) play essential roles in various biological processes, including anther and pollen development, vegetative organ development, seed development and germination, and stress response, but the research progress varies greatly among Arabidopsis, rice and maize. Here, we presented a preliminary introduction and characterization of the whole 65 LTP genes in maize, and performed a phylogenetic tree and gene ontology analysis of the LTP family members in maize. We compared the research progresses of the reported LTP genes involved in male fertility and other biological processes in Arabidopsis and rice, and thus provided some implications for their maize orthologs, which will provide useful clues for the investigation of LTP transporters in maize. We predicted the functions of LTP genes based on bioinformatic analyses of their spatiotemporal expression patterns by using RNA-seq and qRT-PCR assays. Finally, we discussed the advances and challenges in substrate identification of plant LTPs, and presented the future research directions of LTPs in plants. This study provides a basic framework for functional research and the potential application of LTPs in multiple plants, especially for male sterility research and application in maize.

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Lipid transfer proteins involved in plant–pathogen interactions and their molecular mechanisms

Gao

et al. 2022

Molecular Plant Pathology

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Nonspecific lipid transfer proteins (LTPs) were first isolated from potato tubers and identified by Kader (1975). LTPs are ubiquitous small proteins (molecular weights ranging from 6.5 to 10 kDa) that exist in all terrestrial plants (Salminen et al., 2016). They have eight cysteine residue motifs that form four conserved disulphide bridges, which help stabilize the peptide tertiary structure, and many α-helices with a central hydrophobic cavity capable of binding to a variety of lipids such as fatty acids, fatty acyl-CoA, phospholipids, and prostaglandin B2 (Madni et al., 2020;Salminen et al., 2016). LTPs are encoded by large gene families and expressed abundantly in a variety of plant tissues. Almost all nonspecific LTPs carry an N-terminal signal that localizes the protein at the subcellular level (Edstam et al., 2011;Missaoui et al., 2022). Traditionally, LTPs are classified according to molecular weight or sequence identity (Boutrot et al., 2008;Kalla et al., 1994). A more recent classification system by Edstam et al. (2011) uses five major types (LTP1, LTP2, LTPc, LTPd and LTPg) and five minor types (LTPe, LTPf, LTPh, LTPj and LTPk) based on the position of a conserved intron, the amino acid sequence identity, and posttranslational modifications. Expression of many nonspecific LTPs can be induced by multiple biotic and abiotic stresses, including

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Expression patterns and protein structure of a lipid transfer protein END1 from Arabidopsis

Cited by 4 publications

References 64 publications

Lipid transfer proteins: classification, nomenclature, structure, and function

Lipid transfer proteins: classification, nomenclature, structure, and function

A Systematic Investigation of Lipid Transfer Proteins Involved in Male Fertility and Other Biological Processes in Maize

Lipid transfer proteins involved in plant–pathogen interactions and their molecular mechanisms

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