Expression patterns and the prognostic value of the EMILIN/Multimerin family members in low-grade glioma

Abstract

Managing low-grade gliomas (LGG) remains a major medical challenge due to the infiltrating nature of the tumor and failure of surgical resection to eliminate the disease. EMILIN/Multimerins contain the gC1q signature, which is involved in many tumor processes. However, the expression and prognostic value of EMILIN/Multimerins in LGG remains unclear. This study used integrated bioinformatics analysis to investigate the expression pattern, prognostic value and function of EMILIN/Multimerins in patients with LGG. We analyzed the transcription levels and prognostic value EMILIN/Multimerins in LGG using the ONCOMINE, Gene Expression Profiling Interactive Analysis (GEPIA) and UALCAN databases. The mutation and co-expression rates of neighboring genes in EMILIN/Multimerins were studied using cBioPortal. TIMER and Metascape were used to reveal the potential function of EMILIN/Multimerins in LGG. According to our analysis, most EMILIN/Multimerins were overexpressed in LGG and shared a clear association with immune cells. GEPIA analysis confirmed that high levels of EMILIN/Multimerins, not including MMRN2, were associated with a poor prognosis in disease-free survival of patients with LGG. Additionally, we discovered that EMILIN/Multimerins may regulate LGG and we found a correlation between their expression patterns and distinct pathological grades. We found that EMILIN/Multimerins serve as possible prognostic biomarkers and high-priority therapeutic targets patients with LGG.

A New Epigenetic Model to Stratify Glioma Patients According to Their Immunosuppressive State

“…Based on a recent review evaluating prognostic genes for GBM [ 38 ], we evaluated the possibility of including a second model called ImmuneAngioICIsMesECM as described in Section 2.2 [ 17 , 39 , 48 ]. This procedure created a new set of 6754 CpG probes that were evaluated to classify EDISON positive cases.…”

“…We included in the dataset the CpGs related to the genes which were shown to play crucial roles in gliomas. Specifically, we chose: The genes linked to the putative response of immune suppression in the study by Thorston et al [ 18 ]; The genes with the angiomatrix signatures [ 36 ]; The genes associated with the putative response for ICIs in GBMs [ 37 ]; The genes reported as with prognostic value for gliomas by Mesrati et al [ 38 ]; The genes related to the extracellular matrix (ECM) recently linked to the glioma by Zhao et al [ 39 ]. …”

“…The genes related to the extracellular matrix (ECM) recently linked to the glioma by Zhao et al [ 39 ].…”

Multimerin-1 and cancer: a review

“…MMRN1s potential as a biomarker in certain cancers, including diagnosis of cancer stages, is a strong possibility (23)(24)(25)105). However, detail on MMRN1 protein interactions and involvement in signalling events is required to describe MMRN1 molecular mechanisms and if and how this correlates with its differential expression.…”

“…These functions, however, shall not be covered in the current article as these have already been reviewed (22). Instead, the focus will be on MMRN1's non-platelet related functions, including mmrn1 differential gene expression and its proposed use as a cancer biomarker (23)(24)(25). A bibliometric network analysis illustrates how the research on MMRN1's platelet-related…”