Expression patterns of ten hemicellulase genes of the filamentous fungus Trichoderma reesei on various carbon sources

Margolles-Clark, Emilio; Ihnen, Marja; Penttilä, Merja

doi:10.1016/s0168-1656(97)00097-7

Cited by 144 publications

(143 citation statements)

References 33 publications

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“…The effect of Xyr1 was verified by comparing the transcript levels of the major xylanase and cellulase-encoding genes xyn1, xyn2, cbh1 and cbh2. Transcripts from all those genes are formed by the wildtype when grown on lactose, which is in complete accordance with previously published results [12,13]. Nonetheless, we did not detect any xyn1-, cbh1-and cbh2-mRNA and only a strikingly reduced xyn2 transcript from the Dxyr1-strain (Fig.…”

Section: Hydrolase Expression In a Xyr1 Deletion Strain On Lactosesupporting

confidence: 93%

Xyr1 receives the lactose induction signal and regulates lactose metabolism in Hypocrea jecorina

2007

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This study reports the vital regulatory influence of Xyr1 (xylanase regulator 1) on the transcription of hydrolytic enzyme-encoding genes and hydrolase formation on lactose in Hypocrea jecorina. While the transcription of the xyr1 gene itself is achieved by release of carbon catabolite repression, the transcript formation of xyn1 (xylanase 1) is regulated by an additional induction mechanism mediated by lactose. Xyr1 has an important impact on lactose metabolism by directly activating xyl1 (xylose reductase 1) transcription and indirectly influencing transcription of bga1 (b-galactosidase 1). The latter is achieved by regulating the conversion of D D-galactose to the inducing carbon source galactitol.

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Section: Hydrolase Expression In a Xyr1 Deletion Strain On Lactosesupporting

confidence: 93%

Xyr1 receives the lactose induction signal and regulates lactose metabolism in Hypocrea jecorina

2007

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“…In glucosecontaining media, cellulase genes are repressed by CREI (7,10). In media containing cellulose or its derivatives, cellulase transcription is very strongly induced.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Glucose repression is mediated by the CREI protein (6 -8), which has been shown to act directly on the promoter of the gene encoding the major cellulase cellobiohydrolase I (CBHI) (9). CREI also mediates repression of a number of other genes coding for enzymes involved in degradation of hemicellulose and cellulose (10). In addition to cre1, no other genes for transcription factors have been described in T. reesei.…”

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confidence: 99%

Isolation of the ace1 Gene Encoding a Cys2-His2 Transcription Factor Involved in Regulation of Activity of the Cellulase Promoter cbh1of Trichoderma reesei

Saloheimo

Aro

Ilmén

et al. 2000

Journal of Biological Chemistry

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A genetic selection method was developed for the cloning of positive-acting transcriptional regulatory genes in Saccharomyces cerevisiae. The method was applied for the isolation of activators of Trichoderma reesei (Hypocrea jecorina) cellulase genes. Activator genes were isolated from a T. reesei expression cDNA library on the basis of the ability of their translation products to activate transcription from the full-length T. reesei cbh1 promoter coupled to the S. cerevisiae HIS3 gene and to support the growth of the yeast colonies in the absence of histidine. Among the clones obtained was the ace1 gene encoding a novel polypeptide, ACEI, that contains three zinc finger motifs of Cys 2 -His 2 type. Possible ACEI homologues were found among expressed sequence tags of Aspergillus and Neurospora. The ability of ACEI to bind to the cbh1 promoter was further confirmed in the yeast one-hybrid system. In vitro binding and gel mobility shift assays revealed several binding sites for the ACEI protein in the cbh1 promoter. Disruption of the ace1 gene in T. reesei resulted in retarded growth of the fungus on a cellulose-containing medium, on which cellulases are normally highly expressed.The filamentous fungus Trichoderma reesei is well known for efficient production of cellulolytic enzymes and its powerful capacity to hydrolyze cellulose into glucose. It is an excellent cellulolytic model organism, and the cellulolytic system of T. reesei has become the best characterized among filamentous fungi in many respects. The enzymatic properties and threedimensional structures (1-4) of T. reesei cellulases, as well as the carbon source dependent regulation of cellulase gene expression (for a recent review, see Ref. 5), have been studied in detail by several groups. The activity of cellulase genes is controlled at the level of transcription: the genes are repressed in the presence of glucose and highly induced when cellulose, its derivatives, or certain oligosaccharides, such as sophorose, are present. Glucose repression is mediated by the CREI protein (6 -8), which has been shown to act directly on the promoter of the gene encoding the major cellulase cellobiohydrolase I (CBHI) (9). CREI also mediates repression of a number of other genes coding for enzymes involved in degradation of hemicellulose and cellulose (10). In addition to cre1, no other genes for transcription factors have been described in T. reesei. Based on the gene expression data, it can be concluded that a distinct induction pathway for cellulases must exist in T. reesei that is needed for high level transcription (11, 12), but the genes responsible for transcription activation are completely unknown. Furthermore, there is lack of knowledge about possible target sequences for cellulase-specific transcription activators from any filamentous fungi. The aim of this study was to identify genes encoding transcription activators involved in regulation of the activity of cellulase genes. For this purpose, we developed a genetic selection system that allowed us to isolat...

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“…Northern analysis was used to demonstrate that cellulase and hemicellulase genes were transcriptionally co-regulated under the control of the glucose repressor cre1 gene (Margolles-Clark et al, 1997). Thus cellulase and hemicellulase genes were expressed in the presence of glucose by RUT-C30, which carries the truncated cre1 gene (Ilmén et al, 1996), but not by QM9414 or RUT-C30 transformed with the wild-type cre1 gene.…”

Section: Characterization Of Gene Expression In Rut-c30 By Transcriptmentioning

confidence: 99%

Trichoderma reesei RUT-C30 – thirty years of strain improvement

2012

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The hypersecreting mutant Trichoderma reesei RUT-C30 (ATCC 56765) is one of the most widely used strains of filamentous fungi for the production of cellulolytic enzymes and recombinant proteins, and for academic research. The strain was obtained after three rounds of random mutagenesis of the wild-type QM6a in a screening program focused on high cellulase production and catabolite derepression. Whereas RUT-C30 achieves outstanding levels of protein secretion and high cellulolytic activity in comparison to the wild-type QM6a, recombinant protein production has been less successful. Here, we bring together and discuss the results from biochemical-, microscopic-, genomic-, transcriptomic-, glycomic-and proteomic-based research on the RUT-C30 strain published over the last 30 years.

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Expression patterns of ten hemicellulase genes of the filamentous fungus Trichoderma reesei on various carbon sources

Cited by 144 publications

References 33 publications

Xyr1 receives the lactose induction signal and regulates lactose metabolism in Hypocrea jecorina

Xyr1 receives the lactose induction signal and regulates lactose metabolism in Hypocrea jecorina

Isolation of the ace1 Gene Encoding a Cys2-His2 Transcription Factor Involved in Regulation of Activity of the Cellulase Promoter cbh1of Trichoderma reesei

Trichoderma reesei RUT-C30 – thirty years of strain improvement

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